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Neuro I > root of neck > Flashcards

root of neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the root of neck

A

post: body of T1, head and neck of first rib
lateral: body of first rib
anterior: distal portion first rib, articulation of rib wtih manubrium

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2
Q

what are the o and i of anterior scalene

A

o: anterior tubercles of transverse processes of CV3-CV6
i: scalene tubercle of first rib

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3
Q

what are the actions of anterior scalene

A

elevates 1st rib, side bends, rotates cervical column to opp sides
both sides when acting together flex vertebral column

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4
Q

what inn anterior scalene

A

ventral rami, spinal nn C5-C7

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5
Q

what are the o and i of middle scalene

A

o: posterior tubercle transverse processes CV2-CV7
i: superior surface first rib post to groove for subclavian a

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6
Q

what are the actions of middle scalene

A

elevates 1st rib side bends and rotates cervical column

when both sides act if flexes vertebral column

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7
Q

what nn inn middle scalene

A

ventral rami, spinal nn C3-C8

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8
Q

What structures run between and and middle scalene

A

brachial plexus and subclavian a

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9
Q

What are signs of thoracic outlet syndrome

A

pain, numbness and tingling of neck medial forearm as well as 4th and 5th fingers, paresis of intrinsic mm of hand and poor circulation

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10
Q

Where is a brachial nerve plexus block given

A

injection around supraclavicular portion of brachial plexus in region superior to middle third of clavicle

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11
Q

o and i of posterior scalene

A

origin: posterior tubercles of transverse processes CV5-CV7
i: outer surface 2nd rib

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12
Q

what are the actions and inn of post scalene

A

elevates 2nd rib, sidebends and rotates cervical column, both sides acting to flex vertebral column
inn: ventral rami C7-C8 from brachial plexus

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13
Q

o and i of longus capitis

A

o: anterior tubercles of transverse processes CV3-CV6
i: inferior surface, basilar portion of occipital bone

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14
Q

action and inn of longus capitis

A

flexes head and neck, ventral rami, spinal nn C1-C4

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15
Q

o and i of longus colli

A

upper parts extend from ant surface of vertebral bodie to the transverse process of vertebra below

lower parts extend from ant surface of vertebral bodies below to the transverse process of vertebrae above

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16
Q

what are the actions of longus colli

A

flex neck and assist in rotation
upper rotate to same side
lower rotate to opp side

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17
Q

what is the inn of longus colli

A

ventral rami spinal nn C2-C7

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18
Q

describe the differences in arteries from L to R in neck

A

on the right the brachiocephalic trunk splits into subclavian and common carotid
on L common carotid comes right off arch and same with subclavian

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19
Q

What splits subclavian into 3 divisible parts

A

anterior scalene

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20
Q

what aa come off subclavian medial to anterior scalene

A

vertebral a, thyrocervical trunk and internal thoracic a

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21
Q

describe path of vertebral a

A

ascend between longus colli and ant scalene until reach CV6 then enter transverse cervical foramina and ascend through foramen magnum to fuse and form basilar

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22
Q

What are the branches of the thyrocervical trunks

A

inferior thyroid a
transverse cervical a
suprascap a
ascending cervical a

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23
Q

where does the inferior thyroid a run in relation to carotid sheath

A

posterior

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24
Q

what does the inferior thyroid a anastomose with

A

posterior branches of superior thyroid a

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25
Q

where is the transverse cervical a in relation to the inferior belly omohyoid

A

deep, medially

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26
Q

where can ascending cervical also arise from besides thyrocervical trunk

A

inferior thyroid a

27
Q

what aa does the ascending cervical a anastomose with

A

vertebral, ascending pharyngeal and occipital

28
Q

what crosses the internal thoracic a anteirorly

A

phrenic n

29
Q

What a comes off subclavian when it is behind anterior scalene

A

costocervical trunk

30
Q

what are the branches off costcervical trunk

A

deep cervical a and highest(posterior) intercostal a

31
Q

where does deep cervical a run

A

dorsal to brachial plexus between semispinalis cervicis and capitis mm
anastomoses with descending branch of occipital a

32
Q

where does the highest intercostal a run

A

descends anterior to head of 1st rib, terminates as 2nd posterior intercostal a

33
Q

what branches off subclavian a when it is lateral to anterior scalene

A

dorsal scap a

34
Q

where do the right and left brachiocephalic v form

A

immediately posterior to sternoclavicular joint where subclavian and internal jugular vv join

35
Q

what are tributaries to subclavian v

A

external jugular and dorsal scap

36
Q

what are tributaries to brachiocephalic v

A

vertebral and inferior thyroid v

37
Q

where is the most used place for central venous lines

A

subclavian v

38
Q

what ganglia provide post-ganglionic inn to head, neck and some of thorax

A

cervical: superior middle vertebral and inferior

39
Q

what spinal levels are contatined in superior cervical ganglion

A

C1-C4

40
Q

where is the superior cervical ganglion located

A

anterior surface longus capitis

41
Q

why are there no preganglioni sympathetic fibers in head

A

because the superior cervical ganglion provides ALL post-ganglionic SAN fibers to head

42
Q

What nn comes from the postganglionic fibers of superior cervical ganglion

A 
internal carotid nn which forms plexus on internal carotid a
gray rami communicans C1-C4
external carotid n
pharyngeal branches
superior cervical cardiac n
43
Q

what nn come from the internal carotid n

A

caroticotympanic plexus
deep petrosal n
cavernous plexus

44
Q

What does deep petrosal inn

A

mucosa of nasal cavities and palate and upper pharynx via V2

45
Q

what do the sympathetic fibers in cavernous plexus inn

A

dilator pupillae mm and blood vessels of eye

46
Q

what does the external carotid n inn

A

blood vessels, salivary, oral and labial glands as well as the carotid body

47
Q

What CN send off branches to join pharyngeal branches of the superior cervical ganglion to form pharyngeal plexus

A

IX X

48
Q

where does the superior cervical cardiac n join

A

cardiac plexus of thorax

49
Q

what spinal levels are in the middle cervical ganglion of neck

A

C5C6

50
Q

where is the middle cervical ganglion located

A

near inferior thyroid a as it arches posterior to carotid sheath

51
Q

what nn come from middle cervical ganglion

A

gray rami to C5 C6

middle cervical cardiac nerve and ansa subclavia

52
Q

which n is the largest of SAN cardiac nn in cardiac plexus

A

middle cervical cardiac n

53
Q

where is ansa subclavia

A

wrap around anteiror surface of subclavian medial to thyrocervical trunk and vagus

54
Q

where is the vertebral ganglion located

A

base of vertebral a

55
Q

what fused ganglia form inferior cervical ganglion

A

C7C8

may fuse with 1st thoracic to form cervicothoracic or stellate ganglion

56
Q

what nn come from inferior cervical ganglion

A

gray rami to C7-T1
inferior cardiac n of cardiac plexus
vasomotor to subclavian and inferior thyroid aa
join with recurrent laryngeal

57
Q

what type of injections are used to relieve vasospasms of aa supplying upper limb and brain

A

injections around cervicothoracic ganglion blocks transmission as well as through cervical sympathetic ganglia

58
Q

Where does phrenic n enter thorax

A

medial to anterior scalene between subclavian a and vein

59
Q

where is the cupola of the lung

A

superior to anterior border of 1st rib

covered in parietal and suprapleural membrane called sibsons fascia

60
Q

what side of the trachea is the esophagus on

A

left

61
Q

where does the thoracic duct enter the root of neck

A

between left border of esophagus and cervical pleura

62
Q

what lymph trunks may the thoracic duct receive

A

left jugular, transverse cervical, subclavian and bronchi-mediastinal lymph trunks

63
Q

What parts of the body does the right lymphatic trunk drain

A

R upper limb, right side of head and face and right half thorax

Neuro I (9 decks)

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