Meninges and Dural venous sinuses

Question 1

what is pia mater made out of

Answer 1

areolar CT

Question 2

where is the subarachnoid space and is it a real space

Answer 2

between arachnoid and pia

real space with CSF

Question 3

where in the cranial vault does arachnoid mater dip into sulci

Answer 3

longitudinal fissure

Question 4

what are the cisternae in the brain

Answer 4

areas of accumulated CSF

Question 5

how does CSF get into subarachnoid space

Answer 5

arachnoid granulations

Question 6

what are the layers of dura in the cranial vault

Answer 6

periosteal and meningeal

Question 7

what type of mater travels out with CN

Answer 7

all 3, turn into neural sheaths

Question 8

What is the falx cerebri

Answer 8

sickle shaped dura between cerebri

Question 9

what does the falx cerebri attach to anteriorly and posteriorly

Answer 9

anteriorly to crista galli of ethmoid bone

posteriorly to internal occipital protuberance to become continuous with tentorium cerebelli

Question 10

what sinuses lay within the falx cerebri

Answer 10

superior sagittal sinus

inferior sagittal sinus

Question 11

what sinuses are contained within the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 11

transverse sinus and superior petrosal sinus

Question 12

what does the tentorial notch wrap around

Answer 12

midbrain

Question 13

what sinus is withing the fusion of falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli

Answer 13

the straight sinus

Question 14

where is the falx cerebelli

Answer 14

between cerebellar hemispheres

Question 15

what sinus is within falx cerebelli

Answer 15

occipital sinus

Question 16

what is the diaphragma sellae

Answer 16

dura over roof of hypophyseal fossa

Question 17

what type of cells line the dural venous sinuses

Answer 17

endothelium

Question 18

are there valves in the dural venous sinuses

Answer 18

NO

Question 19

where do all the sinuses ultimately lead to

Answer 19

internal jugular v

Question 20

where does the superior saggital sinus dump into

Answer 20

confluens of sinuses

Question 21

what vv does the superior sagittal sinus receive

Answer 21

emissary, cerebral, meningeal, diploic and CSF

Question 22

where do arachnoid granulations protrude into sinus

Answer 22

venous lacunae

Question 23

What vv dump into inferior sagittal sinus

Answer 23

cerebral and meningeal

Question 24

where does the inferior sagittal sinus dump into

Answer 24

straight sinus

Question 25

what vv drain into straight sinus

Answer 25

infeiror sagittal and great cerebral vein (Galen)

Question 26

where does the straight sinus dump into

Answer 26

confluens of sinuses

Question 27

the superior sagittal sinus usually forms what sinus

Answer 27

R transverse

Question 28

the straight sinus usually forms what sinus

Answer 28

L transverse

Question 29

what sinus are the transverse sinuses continuous with

Answer 29

sigmoid

Question 30

what does the sigmoid sinus turn into

Answer 30

jugular bulb at jugular foramen

Question 31

what vv or sinuses dump into sigmoid

Answer 31

superior petrosal with transverse | inferior petrosal at jugular bulb formation

Question 32

where is the occipital sinu

Answer 32

surrounds foramen magnum and communicates with basilar sinus

Question 33

he confluens of sinuses is a juncture for what

Answer 33

superior sagittal, straigh, transverse and occipital

Question 34

where is the phenoparietal sinus

Answer 34

located bilaterally between opposed layers of dura along posterior edge of lesser wing of spehnoid bone and drains to cavernous sinus

Question 35

what CN are in the cavernous sinus outer wall

Answer 35

CN III, IV V1 V2

Question 36

what structures run in the cavernous sinue internally

Answer 36

internal carotid and CN VI

Question 37

what vv does the cavernous sinus receive

Answer 37

ophthalmic v, sphenoparietal sinue, cerebral vv, emissary v

Question 38

where is the intercavernous sinus

Answer 38

in diaphragma sellae

Question 39

how does the cavernous sinus drain

Answer 39

superior and inferior petrosal sinuses

Question 40

where does superior petrosal sinus come off

Answer 40

posterior to junction of transverse and sigmoid sinuses

Question 41

where does inferior petrosal sinus come off

Answer 41

posterior to junction of sigmoid sinus and jugular bulb

Question 42

where is the basilar plexus

Answer 42

basilar portion of occipital bone, connects opp inferior petrosal sinuses

Question 43

what are the borders of the anteiror cranial fossa

Answer 43

ant: frontal bone post: lesser wings of sphenoid, chiasmatic groove floor: orbital plates of frontal bone, ethmoid, lesser wings of sphenoid

Question 44

what are the landmarks in the anterior cranial fossa and bones they are on

Answer 44

``` crista galli (ethmoid) cribiform plate (ethmoid) orbital frontal plates (frontal) ```

Question 45

what runs through cribiform plate

Answer 45

olfactory fibers from CN I

Question 46

what foramina are in the anterior cranial fossa and what run thru them

Answer 46

cecum- nasal emissary v anterior ethmoidal- anterior ethmoidal AVN posterior ethmoidal- posterior ethmoidal AVN

Question 47

what are the borders of the middle cranial fossa

Answer 47

ant: lesser wings of sphenoid, chiasmatic groove post: petrous ridge floor: sphenoid, temporal bone(squamous and petrous portions)

Question 48

what bone contains all landmarks of the middle cranial fossa

Answer 48

sphenoid

Question 49

what is the anterior clinoid process an attachment for and what cranial fossa part is it in

Answer 49

tentorium cerebelli | in middle cranial fossa

Question 50

what part of cranial fossa is the chiasmatic groove in

Answer 50

middle

Question 51

where is the optic foramina and what runs in it

Answer 51

middle cranial fossa, sphenoid bonne | optic CN II and ophthalmic aa

Question 52

what part of cranial fossa is sella turcica and hypophyseal fossa in

Answer 52

middle

Question 53

what are the posteiror clinoid processes attachments for? what are they lateral projections of?

Answer 53

attach for tentorium cerebelli | lateral projections of dorsum sellae

Question 54

where is the carotid groove

Answer 54

lateral to sella turcica

Question 55

what is the clivus

Answer 55

downward sloping portion of sphenoid which articulates with basilar portion of occipital bone in posterior cranial fossa

Question 56

what foramina are in middle cranial fossa and what runs thru them

Answer 56

optic canal- CN II and ophthalmic aa superior orbital fissure- CN III, IV, V1, VI and superior ophthalmic v rotundum- CN V2 ovale- CN V3, accessory meningeal a and lesser petrosal n spinosum- middle meningeal a, recurrent meningeal n (V3) lacerum- meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal a hiatus for greater petrosal n VII hiatus for lesser petrosal n IX

Question 57

what are the boundaries of the posterior cranial fossa

Answer 57

ant: petrous ridge, dorsum sellae post: occipital bone floor: occipital bone and some temporal

Question 58

what foramina are in posterior cranial fossa and what runs in them

Answer 58

internal acoustic- VII, VIII, internal labyrinthine a aquaduct vestibuli- opening of endolymphatic duct mastoid- mastoid emissary v condyloid canal- condyloid emissary v formaen magnum- spinal cort, spinal roots of XI, vertebral aa, and/post spinal aa, dural vv with venous plexus hypoglossal canal- CN XII

Question 59

where does anterior meningeal a come from and what does it supply

Answer 59

off internal carotid-> ophthalmic a-> anterior ethmoidal a-> anterior meningeal a supplies floor of anterior cranial fossa

Question 60

where does middle meningeal a come from and what does it supply

Answer 60

branch of maxillary a meningeal vessles provides all to supratentorial areas of dura except that of anterior meningeal a

Question 61

What branches supply posterior meningeal aa

Answer 61

ascending pharyngeal, occipital, vertebral

Question 62

what n provides pain fibers for floor of cranial vault , anterior and middle fossas, and dural sinuses

Answer 62

trigeminal n

Question 63

what n supplies pain fibers to dura of posterior cranial fossa

Answer 63

vagus and cervical spinal nn C1, C2 riding with CN XII