Roman Test Flashcards
What 3 groups came together to form Rome?
Latins, Greeks and Etruscans
How did the Etruscans influence Rome?
Etruscans influenced a lot of Roman civilization including contributing the arch, their alphabet and writing.
When was Tarquin the Proud driven from power, ending the Monarchy?
509 BCE
What geographical advantages did Rome have?
Easy access to trade
Built on the Tiber River
Mountains provided protection
Roman Forum:
The center of commerce, trade and religion in a Roman town
Patricians:
The rich land owners who inherited their power, land and money
Plebeians:
The poor, lower class of Rome, farmers and artisans
Tribune:
A group of people elected by the plebeians to help protect plebeian’s rights
Twelve Tables:
Officials who came together and created 12 tablets with all Roman laws, occurred in 251 BCE
Dictator:
An official who took complete control during times of crisis during the republic their term could only last up to 6 months
Cincinnatus:
Dictator in 458 BCE that was an opposer of the Plebeians
When did the Roman republic fall?
44 BCE
What were the three main causes for the fall of the republic?
Tension between the upper and lower class (Gracchus brothers)
Military leaders become power hungry
Julius Caesar
Julius Caesar:
Took control of Rome in 60 BCE; becomes dictator for life, elected consul in 59 BCE and stabbed to death by Brutus and other conspirators on March 15, 44 BCE. He reformed the calender
First Triumvirate:
Pompey, Crassus and Julius Caesar, it lasted 7 years
Second Triumvirate:
Octavian, Mark Antony and Lepidus, it lasted 10 years
Years that the Punic wars lasted for?
264-146 BCE
Punic Wars:
Carthage opposed Roman expansion
Rome wanted control of Sicily
Three wars are fought
Eventual capture of Hannibal and suicide
Carthage is burned to the ground and salt is laid where it stood
Outcome is that Rome dominated the mediterranean and it helped the collapse of the republic
(Octavian) Augustus Caesar:
Was part of the second triumvirate from 43-33BCE he was then elected ruled of Rome and was the first Emperor. Augustus means “exalted one,” he also kept the title “imperator.” He set up the civil service and made the government stable.
What were the years of Pax Romana?
30 BCE-180 AD
Numina:
The pre Roman religion of nature gods
Roman pantheon:
A collection of gods based on the Greek gods
When was Jesus crucified?
29 AD
5 Reasons that Christianity became popular?
Embraced all people Gave hope to the powerless Gave hope to those rejected by Rome Offered personal relationship with a loving God Promised eternal life after death
Diocletian:
Divides the empire into east and west sides when the capital is in Constantinople
Constantine:
Prayed for divine help before an impossible battle, saw vision of a cross, commanded soldiers to paint crosses on their shields, victory is credited to Christian God, 312 BCE. He also moved capital to Constantinople.
Edict of Milan is created:
313 BCE, religious tolerance towards christians, freedom of religion, moved capital to Constantinople.
When did Romulus and Remus found Rome?
753 BCE
