ROM Flashcards
(45 cards)
what structures are involved in ROM?
muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, articular cartilage, bones, and inflammation
ROM as an assessment
the amount of movement available b/w 2 bony levers
ROM as a treatment
therapeutic intervention of moving a joint through its available range
what is the difference b/w ROM and stretching?
ROM is only trying to keep mobility within the limits of that joint, while stretching is trying to extend those limits
extremity ROM
shoulders, elbows, forearms, wrists, hands, hips, knees, ankles, feet
axial ROM
TMJ, cervical spine, scapulae, ribs, pelvis, and thoracolumbar spine
what is osteokinematics?
movement of one bone in relation to another
a long bone moving around a joint axis
elbow flexion
osteo-bone
what is arthrokinematics?
internal joint motion needed for osteokinematic motion
arthro-joint
what are the cardinal planes of motion?
sagittal, frontal, transverse, and triplanar
what motions are allowed in the sagittal plane?
flexion/extension
what motions are allowed in the frontal plane?
adduction/abduction, lateral flexion at the spine, wrist ulnar and radail deviation
what motions are allowed in the transverse plane?
internal and external rotation, spinal rotation, forearm supination and pronation
what motions are triplanar?
foot inversion/eversion
where is ROM typically performed (what plane)
in straight or diagonal plane
what is diagonal ROM?
PNF
3 components-one from each plane
functional/combined movements
what is muscle excursion/length?
if a muscle crosses one or more joints
what is active ROM (AROM)?
internal muscular force used to move the joint
patient is doing the work with their own muscles/force
what is passive ROM (PROM)?
an external force moves the joint
muscles are not used
can be gravity, machines, or other person
what is active assisted ROM (AAROM)?
requires an external force through part of the range
some portions are supplied by internal force, while other portions are external
theraband, towel, cane, patient’s other limb, wall, etc.
what is resisted ROM?
resistence is applied to AROM
used for strengthening purposes
resistance, weights, theraband used to increase strength of ROM
resistance can be at various points of ROM, but in the middle is usually strongest
what are the beneficial effects of PROM?
stimulates tissue healing
prevents adhesions and joint stiffness
what are the beneficial effects of AROM?
PROM benefits
helps maintain health, integrity, and elasticity of tissues
increases sensory input
promotes tissue alignment
enhances local circulation with skeletal pump
what are benefits of ROM in general?
increased functional ability, pain reduction, decreased stiffness, and movement of synovial fluid in the joint
what are the indications for PROM?
when the patient’s own muscle force can’t produce safe, effective motion at the joint
when active muscle contraction would be harmful
as an assessment technique
as an intervention
