ROLLO MAY (EXISTENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY)

Question 1

Although May’s writings were somewhat philosophical in tone, his views originated from his experience as a

Answer 1

Psychotherapist

Question 2

Kierkegaard, like most existentialists, suggested a balance between

A)	life and death.
B)	freedom and responsibility.
	
C)	hope and despair.
	
D)	consciousness and unconsciousness.
	
E)	Yin and Yang.

Answer 2

freedom and responsibility.

Question 2

May said that healthy people

A)	retreat from their destiny.

	
B)	deny their freedom.

C)	challenge their destiny.

	
D)	deny death.

Answer 2

challenge their destiny.

Question 2

The terms Umwelt, Mitwelt, and Eigenwelt refer to

Answer 2

a person’s being-in-the-world.

Question 2

May believed that people acquire freedom of action in part by

A)	expanding their self-awareness.

B)	relying on other people.
	
C)	using the tools and technology of modern society.
	
D)	denying nonbeing.

E)	becoming self-actualizing.

Answer 2

expanding their self-awareness.

Question 3

The personality theories of Sullivan, Maslow, Rogers, and others that emphasize interpersonal relations deal mostly with

Answer 3

Mitwelt

Question 3

The term Dasein expresses

Answer 3

the essential unity of person and environment.

Question 3

Our relationship to self and our ability to grasp who we are best describes

Answer 3

Eigenwelt.

Question 4

May would accept the statement that

A)	essence precedes existence.

B)	subject and object must not be split.

C)	responsibility precedes freedom.

D)	freedom takes precedence over responsibility.

Answer 4

subject and object must not be split.

Question 5

Various compulsive behaviors and addictions can be seen as manifestations of

Answer 5

nonbeing

Question 6

May defined anxiety as

Answer 6

an awareness that our existence or some value identified with it may be destroyed.

Question 7

The guilt that arises from our inability to accurately perceive the world of others is associated with

Answer 7

Mitwelt.

Question 8

May defined intentionality as

Answer 8

the structure that gives meaning to our experience and allows us to make decisions about the future.

Question 9

May regarded care as the source of

Answer 9

love and will

Question 10

According to May, an authentic person must unite love with

Answer 10

Will

Question 11

May defined love as

A)	a delight in the presence of the other person and an affirmation of his value and development as much as one's own
	
B)	the capacity to organize oneself toward a prized partner
	
C)	the imaginative playing with the idea that another is an object of affection
	
D)	agape minus eros
	
E)	philia minus eros

Answer 11

a delight in the presence of the other person and an affirmation of his value and development as much as one’s own

Question 12

Philia is defined as

Answer 12

an intimate, nonsexual friendship.

Question 13

May believed that freedom grows from an understanding of one’s

Answer 13

destiny.

Question 13

According to May, a denial of destiny leads to

Answer 13

psychopathology.

Question 14

May contended that contemporary people of Western civilization have an urgent need for

Answer 14

myths

Question 15

People use myths to

A)	transcend the immediate situation.
	
B)	expand self-awareness.
	
C)	search for identity.

D)	all of the above.

Answer 15

all of the above

Question 16

In The Cry for Myth, May suggested that one myth is powerful today because it contains elements of existential crises common to all of us. This is the story of

Answer 16

Oedipus

Question 17

What is Existentialism

Answer 17

First, existence
takes precedence over essence.

Second, existentialism opposes the split between subject and object.

Third, people search for some meaning to their lives.

Fourth, existentialists hold that ultimately each of us is responsible for who we
are and what we become.

Fifth, existentialists are basically antitheoretical.

Question 18

The basic unity of person and environment is
expressed in the German word

Answer 18

Dasein

Question 19

Alienation is the illness of our time, and it manifests itself in three areas:

Answer 19

(1) separation from nature,

(2) lack of meaningful interpersonal relations

(3) alienation from one’s authentic self

Question 20

people experience three simultaneous modes in their being-in-the-world:

Answer 20

Umwelt, Mitwelt, Eigenwelt

Question 21

the environment around us

Answer 21

Umwelt

Question 22

or our relations with other people

Answer 22

Mitwelt

Question 23

our relationship with
our self

Answer 23

Eigenwelt

Question 24

Being-in-the-world necessitates an awareness of self as a living, emerging being. This
awareness, in turn, leads to the dread of not being: that is __________

Answer 24

Nonbeing or nothingness

Question 25

May (1958) defined _________ as “the
subjective state of the individual’s becoming aware that his [or her] existence can
be destroyed, that he can become ‘nothing’”

Answer 25

Anxiety

Question 26

May (1967) defined _______ as
that “which is proportionate to the threat, does not involve repression, and can be
confronted constructively on the conscious level”

Answer 26

Normal Anxiety

Question 27

May (1967) defined
_________ as “a
reaction which is disproportionate to the threat,
involves repression and
other forms of intrapsychic conflict, and is man\aged by various kinds of
blocking-off of activity
and awareness”

Answer 27

Neurotic Anxiety

Question 28

_________ arises when people deny their potentialities, fail to accurately perceive the
needs of fellow humans, or remain oblivious to their dependence on the natural world
(May, 1958)

Answer 28

Guilt

Question 29

The structure that gives meaning to experience and allows people
to make decisions about the future is _________

Answer 29

intentionality

Question 30

May (1969b) called ___________ “the capacity to organize one’s self so that movement
in a certain direction or toward a certain goal may take place”

Answer 30

Will

Question 30

May (1953) defined ________ as a “delight in the presence of
the other person and an affirming of [that person’s] value and development as much
as one’s own” (p. 206).

Answer 30

Love

Question 31

“________ is a state in which something does matter”

Answer 31

Care

Question 32

__________ a biological function that can be satisfied through sexual intercourse or some
other release of sexual tension.

it still remains the power of procreation, the drive which perpetuates
the race, the source at once of the human being’s most intense pleasure and his [or
her] most pervasive anxiety

Answer 32

Sex

Question 33

______ is a psychological
desire that seeks procreation or creation through an enduring union with a loved
one.

Answer 33

Eros

Question 34

Does not require that we do anything for the beloved except accept him, be with him, and enjoy him. It is friendship
in the simplest, most direct term.

Answer 34

Philia

Question 35

May (1969b) defined __________ as
“esteem for the other, the concern for the other’s welfare beyond any gain that one can
get out of it; disinterested love, typically, the love of God for man.

Altruisic Love. It is a kind of spiritual love that carries with it the risk
of playing God.

Answer 35

Agape

Question 35

______ is the individual’s capacity to
know that he is the determined one”

Answer 35

Freedom

Question 35

freedom
of being, inner freedom

Answer 35

Essential Freedom

Question 35

It is the freedom of action—the freedom of doing.

Answer 35

Existential Freedom

Question 35

The design of the universe speaking through the design of
each one of us

Answer 35

Destiny