Rogo Qs (Year 1) Flashcards
On which DNA base is hypermethylation most likely to occur?
Adenosine
Cytosine
Guanine
Inosine
Thymine
Cytosine
Moving substances against their concentration gradient requires energy from ATP.
What is the name of the protein responsible for generating the electrochemical gradient for glucose uptake from the gastrointestinal tract?”
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) channel
Glut 2 facilitated diffusion
SGLT1 sodium/glucose cotransporter
Sodium/potassium ATPase
Voltage gated sodium channel
Sodium/potassium ATPase
The immune system is guided by complex antigen-receptor specific interactions.
Which receptor recognizes the peptides attached to Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (one)?
B cell receptor on B cells
T cell receptor on CD4-T cells
T cell receptor on CD8-T cells
T cell receptors on dendritic cells
T cell receptors on NK cells
T cell receptor on CD8-T cells
The immune system is guided by complex antigen-receptor specific interactions.
Which receptor recognizes the peptides attached to Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (two)?
B cell receptor on B cells
T cell receptor on CD4-T cells
T cell receptor on CD8-T cells
T cell receptors on dendritic cells
T cell receptors on NK cells
T cell receptor on CD4-T cells
A 35-year-old woman is being investigated for a mole on her skin, suspected as cancerous. She has a skin biopsy taken that includes both epidermis and dermis layers.
Which feature can be used to define the epidermis?
It is avascular
It contains dense connective tissue
It has cuboidal epithelium
It contains nerve fibres
It contains smooth muscle fibres
It is avascular
Synovial joints are those joints that permit the greatest range of movement.
What shape of synovial joint are the interphalangeal joints?
Pivot
Condyloid
Hinge
Plane
Saddle
Hinge
An action potential is generated by the transient changes in the permeability of the axon membrane to sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions.
Which channels open to help restore the resting membrane potential at the end of the depolarization phase of an action potential?
Potassium (K+) passive leak channels
Sodium (Na+) passive leak channels
Chloride (Cl-) channels
Voltage gated potassium (K+) channels
Voltage gated sodium (Na+) channels
Voltage gated potassium (K+) channels
At chemical synapses, neurotransmitters are released and diffuse across very small distances to facilitate communcation between two nerve cells.
What is this type of communication called?
Autocrine signalling
Endocrine signalling
Hormonal signalling
Intracrine signalling
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signalling
Some antibiotics target different stages of DNA synthesis within bacterial cells. Quinolones are one such drug which result in the supercoiling of the DNA.
Which enzyme is the target for quinolones?
DNA polymerase
Helicase
Ligase
Primase
Topoisomerase
Topoisomerase
Pulmonary compliance, a measure of lung expandability, refers to the ability of the lungs to stretch and expand; certain pathological lung conditions can change lung compliance.
In which lung disease is lung compliance reduced?
Asthma
Chronic Bronchitis
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
Emphysema
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pulmonary Fibrosis
What is the main process of energy production in cancer cells?
Aerobic glycolysis
Anaerobic glycolysis
Citric acid cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Aerobic glycolysis
superior articular facet
lamina
transverse process
spinous process
inferior articular facet
superior articular facet
What is this dermatome? [1]
L3
Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Parietal peritoneum
Visceral peritoneum
Parietal pericardium
Parietal pleura
SMA
Left: mandibular branch of trigeminal
TR: Maxillary branch
BR: Vagus nerve
