Rogers Flashcards
Humanistic Theory
What was the name of Rogers general theory?
Humanistic psychology
What is humanistic psycholoy?
- Emphasis on present experience and worth of whole person
- Promote creativity and freedom of choice
- Fosters belief that people can solve their own problem
What is the actualizing tendency?
The inherent need to survive, grow, and enhance the self
phenomenological perspective: having a unique viewpoint of the world which influences how you’ll grow
What is organismic valuing process (OVP)?
The inherent subconscious guide that evaluates experience for its growth potential (sense of whats good/bad for us)
A person who pays attention to the organismic valuing process is _____ and strives to become a _______.
self-actualizing; fully functioning person
fully functional = mentally healthy person
Characteristics of a a fully functioning person
- Openness to experience
- Existential living
- Orgasnismic Trusting
- Experiential freedom
- Creativity
What is openness to experience?
Being open to all experiences and accurately perceive them (having an “expanded consciousness”)
What is existential living?
- Be flexible
- Living each moment fully
- Be maximally adaptive
What is organismic trusting?
Trusting your inner experiences at all times (follow intuition without outside influence)
Dysfunction = losing touch with inner feelings
What is experiential freedom?
- You are always free to choose how to act/think
- One should focus on what they CAN do in any particular situation
What is creativity?
- Finding new ways of living each moment
- Don’t get locked into “patterns” which are often maladaptive
What is the difference between experience and awareness?
Experience: Everything that is happening at a given time
Awareness: The part of experience that we symbolize, usually in words
The ideal and real self may be in ______.
Conflict
- ideal self may be based on OVP and/or society
- real self is who you are currently
Listening to OVP should lead to ______.
Congruence (thoughts, feelings, behaviors are in agreement)
What did Rogers find about children that received conditional love?
- Increased anxiety
- Increased hostility towards others
- Increased somatic complaints
What can we do if conditional love has thwarted our
self-actualizing process? Or if our real and ideal selves
are not close to being uniform?
Client centered therapy
What is client centered therapy?
Client knows what is best and how to get it
- Want to bring experience and awareness into congruence
- make self-actualization a life goal
What are the 3 techniques of client centered therapy
- Unconditional positive regard: accept clients statements and ensure they feel worthy/valued
- Congruence: therapists behaviors must match inner experiences
- Empathetic Understanding: repeat statements, give words and symbols to feelings that are hard to express
What stages of change are a person not ready for therapy?
Stage 1 and 2
- focus on others
- no responsibility for problems
- feelings are describes in past tense
- no desire for change (stuck)
- no OVP
What stages of change are a person in therapy?
Stage 3-6
- admits responsibility
- feelings expressed in present tense
- living “in the moment”
- recognize difference between behavior and OVP (value OVP)
What stages of change are a person continuing growth in therapy
Stage 7
- OVP
- Experience in new and present
- Rich experience of choice
What is a Q-sort
Given a pile of cards with personality descriptors and asks to describe self and ideal self
- high positive correlation when mentally healthy
What are criticisms of Q-sort technique?
- Overly simplistic and overlooks basic physiological drives (ie sex/aggression, self-actualization may not be all good)
- Unconditional positive regard could lead to confusing world
What are 2 applications of Rogers humanistic approach?
- Politics - working together may increase our own self-worth and decrease hatred
- Education - students should decide what and how to learn, no syllabus, no grades
