Rodriguez: Gram (-) cocci Flashcards
-gram negative DIPLOCOCCI
-COFFEE or KIDNEY BEAN shaped
-convex, glistening
neisseria
neisseria are non pigmented except for
n. flava, n. flavescens, n. subflava
all neisseria are
oxidase +
catalase + except
n. elongata
-sensitive to drying, direct inoculation at bed side is required
-carbohydrate ferments: glucose and maltose
neisseria
-never a normal flora
-man only known host
-spread through sexual contact
-mother to newborn
-LEADING CAUSE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE
-produce IgA protease
-has common pili
Neisseria gonorrheae/ gonococci
an important pathogenesis of both n. gonorrheae and n. meningitidis
IgA protease
N. gonorrheae
T1 and T2
virulent
N. gonorrheae
T3-T5
avirulent
rare isolates of n. gonorrheae that are isolated from asymptomatic men
auxotypes
-flow of seed
-brothel
-acute pyogenic infection 2-7 days incubation
-symptom: purulent discharge
gonorrhea
untreated gonococcal cervicitis may cause sterility and peri hepatitis known as
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis sydrome
CA
purulent urethritis- males
cervicitis- females
n. gonorrheae
the chief complain in symptomatic oropharyngeal infections
pharyngitis- n. gonorrheae
also known as rectal gonorrhea causing rectal pain and bloody stools
anorectal infections, n. gonorrheae
a gonococcal eye infection during vaginal delivery
conjunctivitis/ophthalmia neonatorum
for collection of n. gonorrheae specimens
dacron/ rayon swabs
transport medium for swabs of n. gonorrheae
amies medium with charcoal
> 5PMNS/field but no bacteria
non gonococcal urethritis
non gonococcal urethritis caused by
C. trachomatis
swab of n. gonorrheae should be inoculated onto media in a – pattern
z pattern, cross streaked
best method for culture and transport should contain CO2 of n. gonorrheae
bottle or chamber containing CO2
candle jar
best method for culture and transport should contain CO2 of n. gonorrheae
citric acid-bicarbonate tablet
JEMBEC
for n. gonorrheae
antimicrobial agents: vancomycin
colistin
nystatin
thayer martin agar/ TMA
for n. gonorrheae
antimicrobial agents:
vancomycin
colistin
nystatin
trimethroprim lactate
modified thayer martin agar/ MTM
for n. gonorrheae
antimicrobial agents:
vancomycin
colistin
anisomycin
trimethrophrim lactate
martin lewis medium/ ML
for n. gonorrheae
antimicrobial agents:
vancomycin
colistin
trimethrophrim lactate
amphotecirin B
new york city medium/ NYC
has an advantage of detecting genital mycoplasma
new york city medium/ NYC
for n. gonorrheae
antimicrobial agents:
vancomycin
colistin
trimethrophrim lactate
amphotecirin B
lincomycin
GC- LECT medium
transgrow
cary-blair
amies
JEMBEC
transport medium
n. gonorrheae
-standard method of identifying n. gonorrheae
-detects producion from glucose, maltose, lactose, fructose, sucrose
CHO utilization test
DNAse test in gram - cocci
m.catarrhalis
+
DNAse test in gram - cocci
n. gonorrheae
-
highly specific and sensitive, confirms morphologic appearance of bacteria
fluorescent antibody test (FAT)
confirms biochemical identification
coagglutination
suitable for screening many patients for n. gonorrheae
molecular assays
used for culture confirmation or direct detection in swab specimens
direct detection of gonococcal ribosomal RNA
chemiluminescent nucleic acid probe
-causative agent of epidemic meningococcal meningitis/meningococcemia/cerebrospinal fever/ SPOTTED FEVER
neisseria meningitidis/ meningococci
-encapsulated with HALO
-blusih gray colonies
-produce IgA protease
n. meningitidis/ meningococci
presence of n. meningitidis in the blood and can occur as an acute or chronic form
symptom: stiff neck
meningococcemia
may develop during bacteremic spread due to release of endotoxin
petechial skin lesions
activates the clotting cascade producing waterhouse-friderichsen
LOS-endotoxin
hemorrhage in the adrenals caused by n. meningitidis
waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome
individuals with deficiency in complement – are at risk of meningococcemia
C5-C8
drug of choice for treatment of meningococcal meningitis
penicillin G
resembles N. meningitidis on gonococcal selective media
neisseria lactamica
-similar to T3 colonies of n. gonorrhea on CAP
n. cinerea
will differentiate n. cinerea from n. gonorrheae
colistin susceptibility
yellow pigmented neisseri, assacharolytic
n. flavescens
most commonly found in nasopharynx of infants and children’s 2 years of age
neisseria
n. lactimica
large, very mucoid colonies seen in nasopharynx of children and young adults
also from airways of dolphin
neisseria
n. mucosa
dry wrinkled breadcrumbs like colonies
neisseria
n. sicca
rod shaped
weakly positive or negative catalase test
neisseria
n. elongata
rod shaped
normal oral microbiota in dogs
n. weaveri
specie that resembles neisseria by exhibiting gram negative coccal morphology
m. catarrhalis aka. branhamella catarrhalis
-3rd most common cause of otitis media and sinusitis in children
-adjacent sides are flattened
-HOCKEY PUCK appearance
moraxella catarrhalis aka. branhamella catarrhalis
