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FINAL BACTERIOLOGY > Miscellaneous, Acid Fast bacilli, Anaerobic bacteria > Flashcards

Miscellaneous, Acid Fast bacilli, Anaerobic bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

-produce Much granules
-resistant to decolorization
-can ‘clump’
-‘Gram neutral and Gram ghosts’
-incomplete staining= beaded appearance

A

mycobacteria

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2
Q

-beaded rods, X, V, Y and L formation
-‘cauliflower colonies’ with cording
-has CORD factor

A

m. tuberculosis/ KOCH bacillus

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3
Q

-attenuated strain used for vaccination in newborns of mycobacterium

A

m. bovis

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4
Q

mycobacterium vaccine from attenuated strain of b. bovis

A

bacille-calmette-guerin

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5
Q

-associated with human cases of TB in tropical africa
-requires spoligotyping

A

m. africanum

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6
Q

-smooth strain of m. tuberculosis
-first human isolate from cervical lymph node, from aids patients

A

m. canetti

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7
Q

isolated from TB patients in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals

A

m. microti

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8
Q

-disease of respiratory tract
-airborne 1-5um
-also known as ‘CONSUMPTION’

A

tuberculosis

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9
Q

when a tubercle turns to a cheeselike consistency called

A

caseous lesion

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10
Q

if causeous lesions calcify, they are termed as - observed in chest xray

A

ghon complexes

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11
Q

organization of lympohocytes, macrophage, fibroblast

A

granuloma

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12
Q

-AKA. TUBERCULOSIS spondylitIS OR SKELETAL TB
-tb to spinal vertebrae

A

pott’s disease

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13
Q

-extrapulmonary TB
-after primary pulmonary disease

A

millary TB

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14
Q

-acquired by spontaneous mutation of inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents to treat M tuberculosis

A

MDR-TN
multidrug resistant m. tuberculosis

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15
Q

MDTRB
without previous history of TB

A

primary MDR-TB

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16
Q

MDRTB
defined as resistance to drugs

A

extensively drug resistant TB/ XDR-TB

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17
Q

ranyoun’s classification of nontuberculous mycobacteria

not pigmented unless exposed to light
-dark: cream or buff
-light: orange/yellow

A

photochromogens

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18
Q

ranyoun’s classification of nontuberculous mycobacteria

pigmented both in dark and light

A

scotochromogens

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19
Q

ranyoun’s classification of nontuberculous mycobacteria

non-pigmented both in dark and light

A

nonphotochromogens

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20
Q

ranyoun’s classification of nontuberculous mycobacteria

pigment variation
3-7 days growth rate

A

rapid growers

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21
Q

contributes greatly to incidence of NTM disease

A

AIDS

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22
Q

most common NTM causing tuberculosis

A

m. avium

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23
Q

m. avium

wood pigeon bacillus

A

m. avium. silvaticum

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24
Q

NTM that cause disease in poultry and swine

A

M. avium

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25
Q

-causative agent of JOHNE’S DISEASE
-from patients with chron’s disease
-very slow grower

A

m. avium. paratuberculosis

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26
Q

-second cause of NTM lung disease
-AKA. YELLOW BACILLUS
-seen as ‘SHEPHERD’S CROOK’
-dark red crystal of 10b carotene

A

m. kansasii

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27
Q

-disease of fish isolated from aquarium
-SWIMMING POOL GRANULOMA

A

m. marinum

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28
Q

-3rd most common mycobacterium after m. tuberculosis and m. leprae
-cause of BURULI cancer

A

m. ulcerans

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29
Q

-seen as a problem in preparation of bacteriologic smears
-aka. TAP WATER BACILLUS

A

m. gordonae

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30
Q

-recovered from hot and cold tap water- water storage tanks
-from african toad
-BIRD’S NEST with sticklike projections

A

m. xenopi

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31
Q

aka. RADISH BACILLUS

A

m. terrae

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32
Q

mycobacterium
most common rapidly growing bacteria- localized cutaneous infections

A

m. fortuitum

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33
Q

mycobacterium
-associated with disseminated cutaneous infections
-outbreak with administration of DPT-polio vaccines

A

m. chelonae

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34
Q

mycobacterium
-causes bone infections
-branching y shaped forms

A

m. smegmatis

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35
Q

BSC for diagnosis of NTM

A

class 2-3

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36
Q

-specimen used to recover mycobacteria that may have been swallowed during the night
-detection in children

A

gastric lavage

37
Q

specimen of choice for detecting NTM, obtained when collecting sputum is not possible

A

bronchoscopy specimens

38
Q

specimen to identify patients who may be at risk of deceloping m. avium

A

fecal specimens

39
Q

grading of sputum specimens:

for scoring sputum

A

bartlett’s

40
Q

grading of sputum specimens:

for contaminataion assessment

A

murray-washington

41
Q

grading of sputum specimens:

emphasize ratio between SECs and PMNs

A

heinemans

42
Q

most commonly used egg based medium

A

lawenstain jensen

43
Q

recovery of mycobacterua from heavily contaminated spx medium

A

petragani medium

44
Q

medium for m. avium

A

wallenstein

45
Q

test that indicates m. tuberculosis

A

mantoux test

46
Q

test for immune response to bacteriual antigen mycobacterium

A

tuberculin test

47
Q

most commonly used biochemical test for identification of MTB

A

niacin test

48
Q

-found in schwann cells
-HANSEN’s bacillus
-CIGAR POCKET/ POCKET FENCE

A

m. leprae

49
Q

2 forms of leprosy:

localized/ neural leprosy/ benign

A

tuberculoid

50
Q

2 forms of leprosy:

disseminated/progressive/ malignant

A

lepromatous

51
Q

hansens disease, scaly scabby and rough

A

leprosy

52
Q

marker for malignany in GI tract
smooth swarming

A

c. septicum

53
Q

only urease + clostridia

A

c. sordelli

54
Q

-GAS GANGRENE BACILLUS
-clostridum welchii
-BOXCAR shaped
-STORMY FERMENTATION OF MILK

A

c. perfrigens

55
Q

-eating sore
-desctruction of muscles

A

gas gangrene/myconecrosis

56
Q

-PIG-BEL
ingestion of entrotoxin

A

food prisoning/ enteritis necrotans

57
Q

2 types of food poisoning:

mild and self limiting

A

type a food poisoning

58
Q

2 types of food poisoning:

serious but rare

A

type c food poisoning

59
Q

-TRACK HEAD BACILLUS
-DRUMSTICK/LOLLIPOP/TENNIS RACKET

A

clostridium tetani

60
Q

lockjaw

A

trismus

61
Q

distorted grin

A

risus sardonicus

62
Q

-CANNED GOOD BACILLUS
-potential agent of bioterrorism
-contains most potent toxin known to man
-produce paralysis and death

A

c. botulinum

63
Q

most potent toxin known to man, has 7 types
cleaves synaptic cells

A

botulism toxin

64
Q

types of botulism toxin associated with human infections

A

A, B, E

65
Q

toxin type -, used to treat strabismus/ wandering eye and beauty enhancer

A

A

66
Q

-ingestion from honey or breast feeding, infection
-FLOPPY BABY SYNDROME

A

infant botulism

67
Q

most common cause of antibiotic associated diarrhea
infection control DILEMMA
-HORSE STABLE/ BARNYARD COLOR

A

c. difficile

68
Q

definitive identification test for c. botulinum

A

mouse neutralization test

69
Q

gold standard test for detection of c. difficile

A

cell structure cytoxicity test

70
Q

differentiate c. bifermentans and c. sordellil

A

spot indole test

71
Q

anaerobic nonsporeforming bacilli and cocci

spiderlike/ wooly appearance
molar tooth

A

actinomyces

72
Q

anaerobic nonsporeforming bacilli and cocci

safety pin appearance

A

bacteroides fragilis

73
Q

anaerobic nonsporeforming bacilli and cocci

forked ends/ dog bones

A

bifibacterium

74
Q

anaerobic nonsporeforming bacilli and cocci

medusa head

A

c. septicum

75
Q

anaerobic nonsporeforming bacilli and cocci

segull wing shape

A

eubacterium

76
Q

anaerobic nonsporeforming bacilli and cocci

breadcrumbs like

A

fusobacyterium

77
Q

anaerobic nonsporeforming bacilli and cocci

raspberry like

A

leptotrichia

78
Q

most commonly isolated anaerobes from blood culture

A

bacteroides fragilis

79
Q

most common cause of actinomyces

A

actinomyces isaraelli

80
Q

cotains sulfur granules clinical infx

A

actinomycosis

81
Q

-RAT BITE FEVER
-HAVERHILL FEVER
-L FORMS

A

streptobacillus monoliformis

82
Q

-NECKLACE LIKE ARRANGEMENT
-FRIED EGG
-FLUFF BALLS

A

streptobacillus monoliformis

83
Q

-rat bite fever refereed as SODOLU

A

spirillum minus/minor

84
Q

etiologic agent of bacterial vaginosis

A

gardnerella vaginalis

85
Q

bacterial vaginosis= gardnerella vaginalis
test: clue cells

A

direct saline

86
Q

bacterial vaginosis= gardnerella vaginalis
test: fishy amine

A

whiff/ KOH

87
Q

etiologic agent of granuloma inguinale or donovanosis

A

calymmatobacterium granulomatis

88
Q

-resembles HACEK
-atrichous bacteria with GLIDING MOTILITY

A

capnocytophaga

FINAL BACTERIOLOGY (7 decks)

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