Rocks

Question 1

Dartmoor features

Answer 1

Over 150 tors, attracts over 10 million visitors each yeargaining £120 million pounds. Tin mining and copper mini found in thin veins within the granite. sheep farming as the soil is poor and acidic , not suitable for crops. War horse. Army training. Extraction of kaolin- China clay used in ceramics

Question 2

Weathering

Answer 2

The breaking down of rocks which is done by the earths atmosphere such as heat and rain and wind.

Question 3

Igneous rock

Answer 3

Interlocking crystals, resistant to erosion, tough and durable.
Made when metamorphic rock up gets uplifted to surface, and when it melts to form magma which forms extrusive when erupted or intrusive igneous rocks when crystallised. FORMED FROM COOLING OF MOLTEN MAGMA
Granite

Question 4

Metamorphic rocks

Answer 4

Crystalline, have layers called cleavage. Resistant to erosion. Slate, marble.
Formed under extreme hear and pressure.

Question 5

Sedimentary rocks

Answer 5

Limestone chalk clay
Found in layers Called beds and have fossils. Formed by compression of sediments usually in sea or lake. Includes iragnic material.

Question 6

Uses of chalk and characteristics

Answer 6

Manufactured into cement. Chalk landscapes used for sheep farming and growing arable crops like wheat and barley. Makes LONDON AQUIFER that supplies water for SE England.
Characteristics- permeable and porous, no rivers, tough, springs

Question 7

Uses of clay and characteristics

Answer 7

Making bricks and pottery
Pasture for sheep and dairy cattle
Characteristics - impermeable, vales, weak easily eroded

Question 8

Limestone uses and characteristics.

Answer 8

Quarried for cement
Building stone 
Sheep
Source of water - springs 
Characteristics - forms upland areas, chemically weak, tough and resistant, permeable.

Question 9

Limestone case study - MALHAM IN YORKSHIRE

Answer 9

Benefits of tourism - main source of income, 70% employed in tourist industry.
Problems- busy, traffic pollution, farm gates left open.
Solutions - public transport, buses that hold 24 bikes. Publishing Davels visitor guide - encouraged tourists to be environmentally friendly. Surfacing busy paths and building steps.

Question 10

Hope quarry IN CASTLETON PEAK DISTRICT

Answer 10

South of A6187 near PEVERIL CASTLE.
Costs- £15 million spent on improving transport. Rail used rather than road which reduces heavy traffic-57 lorries=one train
7000 trees planted in 2003.
Benefits - social: over 180 people employed. high employment levels. Economic: extracts 2 million tonnes of limestone a year. Limestone makes cement and aggregate for use in construction industry.
Environment: 75,000 trees planted
Problems social: creates dust and noise for locals. Economical: cost of management is high. Environment : deforestation and one tonne of CO2 emissions

Question 11

Quarry restoration case study - LOWER MILL ESTATE

Answer 11

South of England. Part of Cotswold water park.
Used to be sand and gravel quarry. Resorted to create habitats for British wildlife and also create caveat ion home communities. 550 acres of Cotswold countryside owned by habitat first group. 200 species of birds visit lake and home to 14 out of 18 uk bats.

Question 12

How is dry valley formed in limestone

Answer 12

Was formed when water was present on the surface in the past. During the ice age, the surface of the limestone was frozen, meaning the water from rain couldn’t go through the limestone. So the water carved out the shape of the valley on the surface. As the ice melted the water was able to penetrate the limestone as it was no longer frozen. The rivers all disappeared as they went underground.

Question 13

Era

Answer 13

Era is a longer period of time than a period. The Mesozoic era lasted for 186 years where there were 3 periods during that time.