Robbins Ch. 4 Flashcards
What are the major causes of edema?
1: increased hydrostatic pressure
2: Reduced plasma osmotic pressure (albumin)
3: Sodium and water retention
4: Lymphatic obstruction
What on platelets binds to vWF?
glycoprotein 1b (Gp1b)
What on platelets binds fibrinogen?
GpIIb-IIIa
What do alpha-granules of platelets contain?
fibrinogen, coagulation factor V, and vWF
What do delta granules of platelets contain?
ADP and ATP, calcium, serotonin, and epinephrine
genetic deficiency of Gp1b is called what?
Bernard-Soulier syndrome
Inherited deficiency of GpIIb-IIIa results in a bleeding disorder called what?
Glanzmann thrombasthenia
thrombin activates platelets through a special type of G-protein coupled receptor referred to as what?
protease-activated receptor (PAR)
What factors do normal epithelium release that inhibit platelet activation and aggregation?
PGI2, NO, and adenosine diphosphatase
What are the primary abnormalities that lead to thrombosis?
1: endothelial injury
2: stasis or turbulent blood flow
3: hypercoagulability of the bood
What is the most common inherited cause of hypercoagulability?
point mutations in the factor V gene and prothrombin gene
Which direction do arterial and venous thrombi grow?
Arterial=retrograde
venous=direction of blood flow
both are going towards the hearts
What are thrombi on heart valves called?
vegetations
Sudden death, right heart failure, or cardiovascular collapse occurs when emboli obstruct how much of the pulmonary circulation?
60% or more
What do most systemic emboli arise from?
intracardiac mural thrombi
