Road to the Revolution Flashcards
French and Indian War Causes
Fight over land/ territory.
Colonists forced Native Americans to relocate (disturbed other tribe territories) this created inter tribal tension. French were economically bothered. GB was creeping on FR traders, French began sending troops to forts along major rivers.
French and Indian War
France and Indians fought using guerrilla warfare. Britain used line firing. Indians fought on both sides. Britain had more money and won. Ended with the Treaty of Paris 1754.
French and Indian War Effects
Britain had gained all north American territories, Britain in debt, proclamation line of 1763
F and I impact on Native American
Lost trading partners, and land, felt they weren’t represented in treaty.
Proclamation Line of 1763
A line that forbade colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains to minimize violence.
Quartering Act (1765)
Required colonists to provide housing for troops in colonies after F and I war.
Sugar Act
Made sugar cheaper than to buy from smugglers. Colonists didn’t like it because local control over government control was threatened.
Stamp Act
Placed tax on paper goods to pay for soldiers in colonies. (Newspaper, pamphlets, legal documents, playing cards (poor people) ledger books, shipping logs) Targeted lower class.
Reaction to Stamp Act
Bostonians rioted until parliament repealed the act.
Forms of protest
burning effigies, boycotting, threaten/hurt tax collectors, riding the rail, Hillsborough treat/paint, tar and feathering, humiliation
Sons of Liberty
Underground organization to protect rights of the colonists and oppose the abuses of the British government.
Main members of SoL
Dr. Joseph Warren, Sam Adams, Paul Revere, John Hancock, John Adams, (from most to least important)
Boston Tea Party
After Boston Massacre, GB got rid of almost all Townshend act taxes (glass, paint, oil) but kept tax on tea. In rebellion, sons of liberty destroyed the tea on the first three ships to come to port.
Boston Massacre
Confrontation with no confirmed account, said that British soldiers open fired into a crowd of colonists without reason. It was likely colonists were verbally and physically harassing them.
King George III
Decided that the colonists need to help pay for the expenses of the F and I war. Decided to tax the colonists.
Internal vs. External taxation
Internal taxes were taxes for activities within the colonies, external taxes were taxes on imports and exports (trade).
Intolerable (Coercive) Acts
Series of Acts stripping MA of its self governing rights.
Boston Port Act - Closed the port until repaid for lost tea (Boston Tea Party)
MA government Act - Nearly all position appointed by royal authority
First Continental Congress
Sons of Liberty and Committee of Correspondence Meeting to discuss what to do about Intolerable Acts in NE, drafted letter to the king, outlining problems and asking for understanding. Planned to boycott British goods, and starting forming/training militias and stockpiling weapons. (No desire for independence yet)
Paul Revere’s account of Boston Massacre
He wasn’t there. In favor of colonists. Propaganda.