Road Crash Rescue Flashcards
What are the primary agency’s at an RCR and their responsibilities
ACTF&R:
Primary rescue agency
Patient extrication
Fire fighting
Emergency Act 2004
AFP:
Overall scene management
Accident investigation
Coronial investigation
Crowd control
Traffic control
ACTAS:
All aspects of patient care
What are some support agencies at RCR and their responsibilities
Support organisation include ActewAGL, Telstra, Road maintenance and more. These organisations restore essential services affected by the event.
They provide support functions such as welfare, medical and health, transport, communications, engineering and more to all participants as part of the tactical response.
They command their own resources, provide reports to incident control, agency command or emergency coordinator and their parent organisations.
What are the two main types of car construction
Cab on chassis
Generally found in commercial application and some leisure vehicles. Has frame consisting of two beams and crossmembers which make the major structural component providing most of the strength.
Monocoque
Most common vehicle construction. Body components are welded together in place to form a shell providing strength to the car. Some sections are made stronger than others. Crumple zone in the front will absorb force to lessen impact. Floor sill is stronger to resist movement to protect passenger.
What are the main compartments of a vehicle
Passenger Compartment:
Is where people sit and where firefighter will generally need to gain access.
Engine Compartment:
Could be in the front, centre or rear and needs to be located to access the battery when ignition sources are being eliminated.
Luggage Compartment:
Usually located opposite to the engine compartment. Can sometimes provide additional access.
How can you determine a gas powered vehicle
Will have red diamond in centre of rego plate with letter LPG or CNG.
May have 2 external filler points.
Toggle switch on dash.
Spare tyre may be mouted elsewhere as the wheel well may be used for gas cylinder.
Compliance plate under bonnet.
What does SRS refer to and how can it be handle at RCR incidents
Supplementary restraint systems refers to air bags in various locations, seat belt pre tensioners, shock absorbing steering wheel, padded dash and more.
The main hazard for firefighters are airbags which can be managed by:
Identify SRS indicators.
Notify crews on scene that SRS is fitted.
Commence deactivation procedure, disconnect battery.
Fit the SECUNET device to the steering wheel.
(Peel and Peek) Remove any trims prior to extrication.
DO NOT cut airbag components.
Never assume an airbag is safe if it has deployed.
Prior to deactivation ensure 30/60/30 safety zone. Driver/Passenger/Sides.
What are the 8 Stages of rescue
PRIGEDRT
Preparation
Response
Incident management
Gaining access
Emergency care
Disentanglement
Removal and Transfer
Termination
RCR circles and size
Action circle - immediately around vehicle, 3m.
Inner circle - 2 to 5m.
Outer circle - around 30m.
Describe the fend off position and why we use it
Fend off position is to park before the incident leaving room for ACTAS at an angle and slightly into the other lane.
This position should protect the incident scene and rescue crews.
Allows easy access to equipment.
Maximise use of onboard lighting.
Slow traffic with the added use on cones and bollards.
Allow water run off.
Remain visible. Think about bends and crests.
In the case of vehicle collision into fire appliance will direct the car away from the scene.
Potential hazards an RCR
Safety of the scene
Crowd control
Electrical
Traffic
Hazardous materials
Biological hazards
Leaking fuel
Stabilisation
4 methods of disentanglement
Disassembly :
involves removal of nuts, bolts and other fasteners that hold equipment together.
Distortion :
Movement of equipment, debris or other obstruction.
Displacement:
Complete removal of equipment or debris from vehicles or structures involved.
Severance :
Cutting of debris or equipment so it can be removed.
Hygiene precautions prior, during, after.
Prior:
Wash hands
Wear PPC/PPE
During:
Use nitrile gloves when touching casualty
Wear PPC/PPE
Wear a mask
Supply casualy with PPE
After:
Wash hands
Bag and tag clothing for cleaning or disposal.
What to record in your blue books
All crew are advised to make their own notes such as:
Incident number.
Date, time and location.
Weather conditions upon arrival to scene.
Position of and details of the vehicle.
Position of, names and injuries of persons involved.
Position of seat belts, ignition, lights, gear selection etc.
Comments made by occupants.
Don’t question them in relation to accident.
Actions taken at scene.
Other relevant or unusual information.
How can you contact peer support
Peer support officer is available 24/7 by phone.
Number can be found online.
Can be accessed by anyone to raise concern about anyone else.
Types of rescue equipment
Mechanical hydraulic equipment
Hand operated hydraulic equipment
Hand tools and associated equipment
Battery operated tools
Air tools
Main hydraulic equipment
Hydraulic pump
Cutting tools
Spreading tools
Hydraulic rams
15m Hydraulic hoses
Hand tools
Socket set
Spanner set
Cold chisels
Claw hammer
Lump hammer
Seat belt cutter
Bolt cutters
Pinch bar
Screwdriver set
Saws
Crow bar
Halligan tool
Stanley knife
Centre punch
PPE worn to RCR
Minimum Level E gear with goggles and P2 mask.
Advised to wear overpants and hearing protection.
May need to wear more PPE as situation develops.
Fire = BA
HazMat = Splashsuit
Methods of gaining access to casualty’s
Through the doors
Through the window
By compromising the body of the vehicle
Hydraulic equipment capabilities
Spreader:
- 5t spreading
- 7t squeezing
Cutter:
69.34t cutting
Pump:
Holds 3.5L uses 2.7L
Ram:
Piston 1 - 24.47t
Piston 2 - 12.24t
Combi tool:
- 9t spreading
- 5t pulling
Car components
How to stabalise and where
On its wheels:
Chock one front and one rear wheel diagonally to stop forwards and backwards motion.
Lift slighlty and slowly to fit step chock under vehicle to stop verticle movement.
Continually check during rescue.
On side or roof:
Use wedged chocks for primary stabilisation as best as possible.
Use stabfast as secondary stabilisation.
Coninually check during rescue.
What to do with contaminated resus kit
All single use items are to be disposed of in hazardous waste bag.
Resuscitator equipment sheet filled out.
Resus kit placed in clear plastic bag and labelled for cleaning.
Sent to BA section for cleaning and re-stocking.
Replacement Resus kit issued.
How to determine how many casualty’s have been involved with RCR
Information can be gained from the following:
Fellow workers, friends, relatives and neighbours.
Witnesses and bystanders.
Clues at the scene e.g. lunchboxes, briefcases, toys, equipment, prams, baby capsules etc.
Why do we do daily checks
To ensure all correct gear is on the appliance.
To ensure everything works properly.
This ensures the appliance is ready for any responce.
What side of the battery will you take off first and why
Dissasemble the negative first.
If you take the positive first and leave the negative any positive wire within the car can complete the circuit.
How are windscreens help in place
Fixed with a rubber H shaped seal and plastic or metal moulding covering.
Bonded to the windscreen with an adhesive. Adhesive could be:
Urethane bonding, flexible adhesive bonding, electro bonding.
How to manage electric and hybrid vehicle hazards
Chock the wheels.
Identify hybrid marking and infrom SO.
Inspect for SRS systems.
Gain entry when safe.
Apply park break and select park gear.
Push power to confirm ready indicator is off.
Remove ignition key. May need to move 5m away if proximity key.
Inspect prior to using tools. Don’t cut or disconnect orange cables.
Points to remember before disconnecting battery
Electrically powered systems may be required to help with rescue. Such as:
Central locking, power windows and seat adjustment.
What to do with tools after completion of job
Make up tool and equipment ensuring to clean and service as much as possible at scene to be ready for another response. Carry out futher servicing whislt back at station.
How to control hazards
Safety of the scene
Some form or fire responce is to be places close to staging atrea in the event of fire. Charged line, high-pressure hose, CO2 extinguisher, foam extinguisher.
Crowd control
Request to stay outside the cordoned off area. Police should maintain the integrity of the working area.
Electrical
All persons kept clear until electrical source is isolated. Casualty’s must stay inside and not touch any metal part of the body. Reassure casualty from safe distance and notify ActewAGL to disconnect the power immediatly.
Traffic
Park in ‘fend off’ position. Lay cones and traffic bollards to divert and slow traffic. Available member can direct traffic until police can assist.
Hazardous Materials
If hazardous materials are present the scene may become a HazMat scene first and rescue second.
Biological Hazards
Use PPE stop direct contact. Masks to stop air transfer. Keep area clean and free of food and drink.
Leaking Fuel
Stop the fuel leak (isolate, clamp), Contain leaking fuel, Clean up using absorbents (spongolite)
Stabilisation
Blocking, cribbing, stabfast.
When administering emergency care what 3 thing must be maintained
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
How to identify CNG vehicle
Red diamond on the registration plate with CNG lettering.
Lack of large mixers and regulators in the engine compartment.
Compliance plate in engine bay.
Two types of glass and how they react when broken
Laminated glass
Two layers of glass bonded together with plastic film. Will break where impacted bubt will mostly hold together. Some small sharp pieces may break away.
Toughened glass
Will shatter into many small pieces and fall apart on impact. Can sometimes explode in many directions if no pak-exe is applied.
A properly conducted debrief can result in
A well-ordered, satisfied and disciplined team (higher morale)
Clearly defined SOG’s
Suitable equiped appliances
The relief of stress in team members
A review of techniques
How to manage gas hazard
Turn the ignition key to ‘off’.
Isolate the gas supply at, or near, the cylinder, ensure that all cylinders are isolated.
Disconnect the battery.
Signs someone may not be dealing with stress properly
An inability to stop thinking about the incident.
Difficulty sleeping.
Flashbacks or dreams of the scene.
Frusturation.
Digestive problems.
Becoming withdrawn.
Headaches.
