RNA, Transcription, and Processing- Reynolds

Question 1

What are the differences between RNA and DNA?

Answer 1

RNA uses ribose and uracil; it is also single stranded

DNA uses deoxyribose and does not have uracil; it is usually in the double stranded form

Question 2

What are the three different types of RNA?

Answer 2

mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

Question 3

What does mRNA do?

Answer 3

It is the genetic code for a protein. 3bp make a codon

Question 4

What does tRNA do?

Answer 4

It carries the matching amino acids to the codon on mRNA

Question 5

What does rRNA do?

Answer 5

It is the catalytic portion of the ribosome

Question 6

What is a holoenzyme?

Answer 6

It is a prime enzyme with sigma unit in RNA polymerase

Question 7

In the initiation stage of transcription, what occurs (prokaryotic)?

Answer 7

Sigma portion binds to the designated DNA segment to initiate transcription. Takes the RNA polymerase to the promoter portion of DNA (35-10 region). Sigma then opens up the DNA into single strands to allow RNA polymerase to start. After sigma unit departs.

Question 8

What is involved in the Elongation stage in prokaryotes during transcription?

Answer 8

RNA polymerase continues to add BP

Question 9

In the termination stage of transcription, what occurs (prokaryotes)?

Answer 9

When the RNA polymerase meets the termination site, it stops and releases the mRNA