Rna Synthesis Flashcards
Enzyme responsible for the polymerization of ribonucleotides
A. Gyrase
B. Topoisomerase
C. DNA dependent RNA polymerase
D. Telomerase
C. DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Enzyme attaches to the promoter on the template strand
Prokaryotic rRNA EXCEPT
A. 5.8S
B. 23S
C. 16S
D. 5S
A. 5.8S
Eukaryotic rRNA: 28S, 18S, 5.8S, 5S
Starting point of transcription
A. 5’ nucleotide
B. 3’ nucleotide
A. 5’ nucleotide
Numbers increase as the sequence proceeds
A. Downstream
B. Upstream
A. Downstream; +1
Nucleotide in the promoter adjacent to the transcription initiation site is
A. +1
B. -1
B. -1; negative numbers increase as the sequence proceeds upstream away from the initiation site
Transcription unit involves the following EXCEPT
A. Initiation
B. Elongation
C. Termination
D. Translocation
D. Translocation is not included
Transcription unit includes a promoter an RNA coding region and a terminator
RNA product that is synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction
A. Primary spermatocytes
B. Primary transcript
C. Primary gene
B. Primary transcript
4 subunits of the core enzyme in the transcription by prokaryotic RNA polymerase
A. 2alpha,1delta, 1 beta
B. 2alpha, beta, omega
C. 2beta, alpha, omega
B.
Responsible for 5’-3’ RNA polymerase activity
This enzyme pro.rna.pol lacks specificity
Enables RNA pol to recognize promoter
A. Core enzyme
B. Gene
C. Holoenzyme
C. Holoenzyme
With the sigma subunit
Termination factor in RNA synthesis
Rho(p) factor of E.coli
Primary transcripts generated by RNA POL II are promptly capped by
A. 7-methylguanosine triphosphate
B. 6-methylguanosine triphosphate
C. 5-methylguanosine triphosphate
D. 37-methylguanosine triphosphate
A. 7-methylguanosine triphosphate
Necessary for the subsequent processing of the primary transcript to mRNA for the translation of the mRNA, and for protection of the mRNA against exonucleolytic attack
Has the sequence TATAAT of six nucleotides to the left of the transcription site that codes for the initial base of mRNA
A. Pribnow box
B. -35 sequence
A. Pribnow box
Second consensus nucleotide sequence centered around 35bases to the left of the transcription start site
A. Pribnow box
B. -35 sequence
B.
Elongation by addition of ribonucleotides to _____
A. 5’-OH end
B. 3’-OH end
B. 3’-OH end
In elongation, RNA pol begins to synthesize a transcript of the DNA sequence(RNA pol does not require a primer and has no endo or exonuclease activity, no repair capability)
Requires a Rho factor protein
A. RHO dependent termination
B. RHO independent termination
A. Rho dependent termination
Binds to the c-rich region near 3’end of newly synthesized RNA
Has ATP dependent RNA-DNA helicase activity
Unwinds the 3’ end of the transcript from the template
A. Topoisomerase
B. Rho factor-Helicase activity
B. Rho factor-Helicase activity
Requires that the newly synthesized RNA have stable hairpin turn and presence of palindrome
A. RHO dependent termination
B. RHO independent termination
B. RHO independent termination
Exhibits 2-fold symmetry; hairpin turn slows down the progress of RNA polymerase and causes it to pause temporarily
This binds to DNA in eukaryotes during transcription of eukaryotic genes
Transcription factors
Most actively transcribed genes are found in a relaxed form of chromatin
A. Euchromatin
B. Heterochromatin
A. Euchromatin
Most inactive segments are in a
A. Euchromatin
B. Heterochromatin
B. Heterochromatin; highly condensed; inactive genes contain more methylated DNA (5-methylcystosine)
Sequence of DNA nucleotides that is almost identical to the pribnow box and is usually found centered about 25 nucleotides upstream of the initial base of the transcription start site for an mRNA molecule
TATA or hogness box
Pribnow box is located in what region?
-10region, upstream
Transcription factor involved in TATA box
A. TFIIIB
B. TFIID
B. TFIID; binds at promoter element, only TF capable of binding to specific sequences of DNA
Transcription factor binds to the CAAT box
A. TFIID
B. CTF/NF1
B.
Transcription factor that bunds to the GC box
A. Sp2
B. Sp4
C. Sp1
C. Sp1
Drug that inhibit transcriptional elongation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
A. Rifampicin/rifampin
B. Actinomycin D/dactinomycin
C. Alpha-amanitin
B. Actinomycin d/dactinomycin
Binds the beta subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase; blocks promoter clearance(elongation)
A. Rifampicin/rifampin
B. Actinomycin D/dactinomycin
C. Alpha-amanitin
A. Rifampicin/rifampin
Potent inhibitor of RNA pol II and weak inhibitor of RNA pol III
A. Rifampicin/rifampin
B. Actinomycin D/dactinomycin
C. Alpha-amanitin
C. Alpha amanitin
Produced by fungus Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom)
Mutations that cause the incorrect splicing of beta-globin mRNA are responsible for
Beta thalassemia
