rivers and coasts Flashcards
wind that blows over the waves name?
fetch
what is a swash and backwash?
when wave move up the coast line its called swash and when it moves back its called a backwash
what happen if the swash is stronger then the backwash
its called a constructive wave
These waves contribute to the gradual build-up of the beach by depositing sand and other sediments.
what happen if the backwash is stronger then the swash
its called a destructive wave
it was start to destroy the beach and take sediment away in form of erosion
tell me about a headland
Headland:
A headland is a high, landform that extends out into the sea. It is formed through the erosion of coastal rocks by processes such as abrasion and hydraulic action.
.Cliffs: Steep, often vertical, rock formations facing the open sea.
.Wave-Cut Platforms: At the base of the cliffs, a platform may form due to the constant erosion of the rock.
.Stacks and Stumps: Portions of the headland may collapse, forming isolated columns of rock
tell me about a bay
A bay is a concave indentation in the coastline, usually situated between two headlands. It is a result of the varying rates of erosion on the coastline.
Sandy Beaches: Bays may have sandy beaches due to the deposition of sediments.
Coves: Smaller, sheltered areas within a bay.
tell me how headland bays are formed
headlands are hard rock so they can’t be eroded fast but soft rocks are easier to erode wich leads to a bay
tell me about wave cut platforms
the hard rock on top can’t be eroded easily but the lower parts are soft rock so when it is eroded the hard rock falls pushing back the cliff
tell me step by step how a stump is created?
- base of cliff is cracked by erosion
- crack is widened by erosion
3.the cave becomes much larger from erosion
4.a hole is made out of the other side of the clif - the cave breaks forming a natural arch
- the arch is eroded by weathering leaving a rock stack
7.the rock stack is eroded by weathing leaving just a tump left
what is long shore drift?
the constructive wave carry the sedement onto the beach and the direction the wind blows it in a zig zag motion distubuting it to other parts of the beach but the problem is that one part of the beach will no longer have sediment so the water is able to get to the cliff much more easier and erode it
what is a spit?
its when long shore drift cares the sediment and drops it over time creating a shallow patch of land wich has a curved shape beacuse the wind changes direction
what is a tombolo
similar to a spit it creates a patch of land from sediment dropped by longshore drift but it connects to land
