hazards Flashcards
what is a natural event?
Phenomenon found in or created by naturally occuring conditions and doesn’t efeect humans
what is a natural hazard?
Natural hazards are extreme natural events that can cause loss of life, extreme damage to property and disrupt human activities.
what is a natural disaster?
a natural hazard that has already happened
what are the 2 types of hazards?
techtonic and climate
give some examples of climate hazards?
Hurricanes, Floods, Droughts, Heatwaves, Wildfires, Tornadoes, Storm Surges, Landslides, Ice Storms, Snowstorms/Blizzards, Sea Level Rise and Ocean Acidification
give examples of techtonic hazards
Earthquakes, Volcanic Eruptions, Tsunamis, Landslides, Tectonic Plate Movement, Subsidence, Seafloor Spreading and Transform Faults
what are human factors for hazard risks?
population, weither its HIC or LIC and how the country can cope with extreme events
what are natural factors for hazard risks?
type of natural hazard, frequence and magnitude of hazard and phyisical geography of area
what are some primary effects of a natural hazard?
deaths/injuries, buildings destroyed, farms and food destroyed and eletric destroyed
what are some secondary effects of a natural hazards?
could cause another hazard, road blocks so travel is hard, economy of the country is damaged and lack of clean water so disease spreading
what are some immediate responses to natural hazards?
evacuate people, treating injured/ rescue people,food and water given out and foreign governers provide aid and money
what are some long term responses to natural hazards?
repair houses, repair roads, promote tourisum to improve economy and improve monotoring and evacuation plans
Earthquake
the shaking of the Earth’s surface caused by the movement of tectonic plates. The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the earthquake’s point of origin is called the epicenter. Earthquakes can cause ground shaking, displacement, and damage to structures.
Richter Scale
measures the magnitude of an earthquake. It is a logarithmic scale, meaning that each whole number increase represents a tenfold increase in amplitude of the seismic waves and roughly 31.6 times more energy release.
Volcanic Eruption
A volcanic eruption occurs when magma, gases, and ash are expelled from a volcano. The severity of eruptions can vary, and hazards include lava flows, pyroclastic flows, ash clouds, and volcanic gases.
Ring of Fire
a horseshoe-shaped zone around the edge of the Pacific Ocean basin where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. This is due to the presence of many tectonic plate boundaries in the region.
Flood
A flood is an overflow of water onto normally dry land. Causes include heavy rainfall, river overflow, storm surges, or rapid melting of snow and ice. Floods can result in the displacement of people, damage to infrastructure, and loss of crops.
Storm Surge
A storm surge is a rapid rise in sea level caused by a tropical cyclone or intense storm. It can lead to coastal flooding and is a common hazard associated with hurricanes.
Hurricane/Cyclone/Typhoon
These terms refer to the same meteorological phenomenon—intense tropical storms with strong winds and heavy rainfall. The terminology depends on the region: hurricanes in the Atlantic and northeastern Pacific, cyclones in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, and typhoons in the northwestern Pacific.
Mitigation
Mitigation refers to measures taken to reduce or prevent the impact of natural hazards. This can include building structures to withstand earthquakes, implementing early warning systems, and creating land-use planning strategies to minimize flood risks.
