River Test. EQ4 & EQ5

Question 1

Hydraulic action

Answer 1

Power of the waves force water into cracks and increases the pressure and craft gets bigger and will break eventually

Question 2

Abrasion

Answer 2

Rocks are picked up by the waves and smashed or rubbed against cliffs which will wear the rock away

Question 3

Solution

Answer 3

When the scene becomes water acidic (caused by vegetation) which will dissolve the rocks such as chalk/limestone

Question 4

Attrition

Answer 4

Rocks in the way with a smashed together and break into smaller rocks and become smoother

Question 5

Formation of a meander

Answer 5

1)river erodes on the outside of the bend where the current flows strongest and fastest.

Question 6

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Answer 6

2) The inside of the bend where the water flows slowest, deposits it’s load (rocks/sediments) forming a slip off slope.

Question 7

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Answer 7

3) overtime the Deposition and erosion continue, changing the course of the river.

Question 8

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Answer 8

4) when the river meander reaches the sides of the valley,it erodes them, widening the valley floor and floodplain

Question 9

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Answer 9

5) overtime the meander will repeat the process until only a narrow neck of land is left.

Question 10

Oxbow lake formation

Answer 10

1). Erosion through hydraulic action and abrasion causes the bends to get closer together.

Question 11

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Answer 11

2) it will erode until there is a small bit of land left between the band (this is called the neck)

Question 12

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Answer 12

3) The river breaks through usually during the flood.

Question 13

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Answer 13

4) Deposition eventually cuts off the meander, which will then form an oxbow lake. (Eventually the oxbow lake will dry out)

Question 14

Drainage basin

Answer 14

1) source – where the river begins
2) tributary – small river/stream that joins a bigger river
3) confluence – a point where to River meet
4) watershed - area of highland forming the edge of the river basin
5) Mouth - where river meets the sea.

Question 15

Mass movement

Answer 15

Process of rock material moving down due to gravity

Question 16

Slumping

Answer 16

Permeable sand let rain through and impermeable clay won’t let water through. waves then attack impermeable clay and will slide downwards.

Question 17

Transportations

Answer 17

1) traction – stones roll along the river bed
2) Saltation - little particles bounce along the riverbed.
3) suspension - the water flow carries tiny particles
4) solution - the river water dissolves some minerals.

Question 18

Types of weathering

Answer 18

Freeze thaw – water gets into cracks and freezes overnight and melted during the day and years later the crack will get bigger and the crack becomes unstable and breaks.

Question 19

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Answer 19

Chemical – water hits land and rocks fall off caused by acidic rain because of carbon dioxide in the air

Question 20

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Answer 20

Biological - when a plant grows inside of the crack of a rock and the roots of the plant will put pressure on the rock and will weaken it.