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Cognitive Linguistic Disorders > Right Hemisphere Disorder > Flashcards

Right Hemisphere Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

RIGHT HEMISPHERE DISORDERS

FOR OVER 100 YEARS THE LEFT HEMISPHERE DOMINATED COGNITIVE RESEARCH

A

AND THE RIGHT HEMISPHERE WAS REFERRED TO AS “THE SILENT OR MINOR HEMISPHERE”

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2
Q

1865-HUGHLINGS JACKSON

A

ROLE OF PERCEPTION

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3
Q

1940’S

A

ROLE IN VISUAL PERCEPTION

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4
Q

Late 1940’s

A 
COMMISSUROTOMY
Spilt of the corpus callous 
1960’S-VOGEL AND BOGEN
COMMISSUROTOMY
OPPORTUNITY TO INVESTIGATE THE 2 HEMISPHERES (LATERALITY RESEARCH)
SPLIT-BRAIN RESEARCH
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5
Q

1970’S

A

DICHOTIC LISTENING TASKS
HEMIFIELD TACHISTOSCOPES RIGHT HEMISPHERE DISORDERS
Prominent role in visual perception
Small role in decoding certain linguistic forms
Split-Brain Research

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6
Q

Roger Sperry

A

Patients with split-brains displayed a clear ability to function without the benefit of communication between the hemispheres
the right brain had some language capabilities

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7
Q

Eran Zaidel-

A

each disconnected cerebral hemisphere “constituted a complete cognitive system with its own sensations, perceptions, memory, even language, personality and consciousness”
the two hemispheres process information simultaneously and independently
There are discrepancies between profiles of hemispheric specialization seen in the normal brain and in a hemisphere damaged patient

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8
Q

THIS LEAD TO INCREASED INTEREST IN DAMAGE TO THE RIGHT HEMISPHERE

A 
Visual memory 
Visual imagery
Visual perception
Spatial orientation
Awareness of illness
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9
Q

Communication

A

More than speech and language
Focus began to shift from semantics and syntax to pragmatics and discourse
Patients with RHD served as controls in language studies

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10
Q

CLINICAL RESEARCH AND OBERVATION IN RHD SUBJECTS FROM THE 1970’S AND 1980’S
HOWARD GARDNER AND HIS COLLEGUES

A

Comprehension of humor
The role of the right hemisphere in understanding complex linguistic stimuli
Elliot Ross and colleagues began studying emotion and the right hemisphere-
Aprosodia

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11
Q

“NEW WAVE OF RESEARCH” FOCUSED ON THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS

A 
Brownell
Tompkins
Meyers
Bisiach
Ross
Heilman
Moya & Bennowitz
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12
Q

Justice William O. Douglass
December 31, 1974

A

Continued coming to work after he had been let go but had perfect verbal language… studies based on him

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13
Q

Deficits

NEGLECT

A 
Patients with neglect don’t respond to information presented to the side opposite of their lesion.
Grooming
Attending to limbs
Appropriate use of margins
Localizing sound
Awareness
Naming their limbs
Poor awareness of their deficits
Denial of deficits
Neglect may be as prominent to right hemisphere lesions as naming disorders are in left hemisphere lesions.
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14
Q

Theories of Neglect

Representational Theory-disordered mental representation of space

A

Bisiach-city plaza in Milan
they loose their definitions of things to only the right side
that is why they only draw half the shape

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15
Q

Attentional Theory-abnormal distribution of attention

A

Heilman-The RH and the LH direct attention to the contralateral space but the RH can distribute attention across hemispace.

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16
Q

PROSODIC DEFICITS

A

The melodic contour and rhythm of speech
Facilitates decoding of meaning across words and sentences
Facilitates knowledge of the emotional content
3 parameters
Pitch
Stress
Duration

17
Q

Prosodic Comprehension Deficits

A

Studies have shown that damage to the right hemisphere can interfere with understanding of prosody
Associate with both right anterior and posterior lesions but majority of posterior lesions

18
Q

Prosodic Production

A

Studies have shown that damage to the right hemisphere may result in difficulty conveying emotion through prosody

19
Q

Ross, 1981

A

Cortical lesions
Prosodic deficits are mapped in a similar way to aphasic deficits
Motor or Broca’s aprosodia
Transcortical aprosodia
can repeat posits but cant understand or produce
Cortical lesions and basal ganglia lesions

20
Q

Aprosodias

A 
Motor aprosodia.  
Sensory aprosodia.  
Global aprosodia.  
Conduction aprosodia.   
Transcortical motor aprosodia.  
Transcortical sensory aprosodia. 
Mixed aprosodia.
21
Q

Affective Deficits

A

Right hemisphere plays a role in the perception and production of emotional behavior
Seem Indifference
Right hemisphere is more adept at processing negative emotion
Difficulty processing facial expression, body language and gesture
Difficulty producing a wide range of facial expressions, body language and gesture

22
Q

Delusions and Confusional states

A 
Agitation
Misidentification syndromes- disconnection between identity and familiarity (limbic)
Reduplicative paramnesia-place
you believe you are in another place 
Capgras syndrome-people 
you think people closer to you are imposters 
Somatoparaphrenia-limbs
this is not my hand 
Prosopagnosia-familiar faces
23
Q

LINGUISTIC DEFICITS

Non aphasic language difficulties described as

A

“looseness of verbalization”
“missing the point”
concrete interpretations

24
Q

Interpretating figurative language

A

Idioms-”hit the ceiling”

Metaphors- “the job is a prison”

25
Q

Indirect requests-

A

Can I have some water? vs. Boy did I work up a thirst.

26
Q

Humor

A

Difficulty with surprise

27
Q

Inferencing

A

Can’t integrate new information into a broader context

28
Q

Theory

Beeman:

A

The left hemisphere supports fine-grained semantic processing while the right hemisphere supports “coarse grained” semantic processing
Nonliteral language requires associations between denotation and connotation

29
Q
  1. Tompkins:
A 
Nonliteral language requires the ability to review and select most relevant alternative meaning from a set
	Frontal lesions (either hemisphere) impairs working memory needed for complex tasks.
30
Q

DISCOURSE DEFICITS
Discourse consists of communicative events in which information is conveyed from a speaker to a listener or among participants in conversational speech.

A

Procedural-let me tell you how to make fried okra
because of attending and working memory
Expository- let me tell you about the origin of the plant and how it spread across Asia and the Middle East
Narrative-let me tell you a story about how I bought a package of okra from the market and prepared it for a dinner party.
Conversational-let’s all get together and talk about our worst cooking experience

Difficulty attending
Working memory impairments
Difficulty with inferences-appropriate interpretation
Difficulty comprehending and producing main concepts or themes
Difficulty understanding subtleties
Reduced emotional sensitivity to context

31
Q

Pragmatics

A 
Inappropriate 
Indifferent
Apathetic
Unmotivated
Unconcerned
Jocular
Off topic
32
Q

Deficits in RHD

A

Many deficits have a direct impact on social communication

Still many topics to research

Cognitive Linguistic Disorders (7 decks)

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