Ribs

Question 1

describe anterior attachments of ribs

Answer 1

1-7(true ribs) attach to sternum via coastal cartilage.
8-10 (false ribs) attach to coastal cartilage of rib above.
11-12 (floating) no anterior attachment

Question 2

describe how the ribs attach to the vertebral column

Answer 2

2 joints.
Costoverterbral joint:
Head of rib 4 articulates with inferior demi-facet on body of vertebra 3 and superior demi-process of 4.

Costo-transverse joint:
Tubercle of rib articulates with transverse process of vertebra above

Question 3

describe tubercles of rib. what is seen macroscopically

Answer 3

Medial Tubercle articulates with Thoracic vertebra (the flatness indicates bone on bone).

Lateral with muscle (roughness indicates bone on muscle)

Question 4

describe how the volume of the thorax is increased

Answer 4

Diaphragm going up and down alters Vertical volume.

Upper ribs are like pump handle and move sternum superior and anterior, increasing AP volume.

Lower ribs are like bucket handles so increase Lateral Volume.

Question 5

describe layers from skin to lung

Answer 5

skin>subcutaneous fat> External Intercostal >internal InterC > Innermost InterC >parietal Pleura > visceral Pleura > lung

Question 6

describe the intercostals including direction and neurovasculature

Answer 6

external is front pocket, other 2 are back pockets. bundle in costal groove b/w deep 2 layers (VAN)