Pharynx

Question 1

Border of Pharynx

Answer 1

Base of skull to c6/lower border of cricoid cartliage

Question 2

name the constrictor muscles and when do they contract?

Answer 2

superior, middle & inferior. Contract during following

Question 3

which muscle releases pressure from the ear and why?

Answer 3

salpingopharyngeus because it is attached to cartilaginous auditory tube so contraction opens tube

Question 4

name the arches seen when the mouth is open.

which is more anterior?

Answer 4

palatoglossal arch (anterior) and palatopharyngeal arch

Question 5

what are the 2 roles of the soft palate?

Answer 5

blocks of nasal cavity while swallowing, coughing and suction.
seal oral cavity to allows breathing while chewing

Question 6

name the5 muscles that support the soft palate and make it move. what is their innervation?

Answer 6

tensor veli palatini.
Levator veli palatini.
Musculus uvulae.
Palatoglossus.
Palatopharyngeal.
All innervated by vagus except tensor veli palatini (CNV)

Question 7

what is waldeyer’s ring?

Answer 7

incomplete ring of lymphoid tissue

Question 8

border of the larynx?

Answer 8

epiglottis to c6/lower border of cricoid cartliage

Question 9

describe anatomy from the hyoid bone to the lower cricoid border

Answer 9

hyoid bone(epiglottis behind and a bit above)>thyroid membrane> thyroid cartilage> cricoithyroid ligament/membrane> cricoid cartilage.

Question 10

desribe the thyroid cartliage

Answer 10

shield shaped with open back. houses adams apple and vocal ligaments

Question 11

describe the cricoid

Answer 11

closed ring with arytenoids sitting a top back like devil horns

Question 12

desribe the position of the vocal fold and its movement

Answer 12

arytenoids to thyroid cartilage. abduct for breathing (B for Breath) and adducts for speaking

Question 13

what is the name of the false vocal chord

Answer 13

vestibular fold

Question 14

2 movements of arytenoids?

Answer 14

swivel or slide together

Question 15

name of muscle that abducts the vocal chords

Answer 15

posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 16

name the nerves of the larynx, their origin and role

Answer 16

all branches of vagus. Superior Laryngeal, Inferior (all muscles except cricothyroid), External (cricothyroid), Internal (sensory) and Recurrent (horse voice/ stridor)

Question 17

where should one consider an emergency puncture in larynx and why?

Answer 17

cricothyroid cartilage. not very vascular so wont bleed into airway

Question 18

motor supply of pharynx?

Answer 18

mostly vagus except Stylopharyngeus (CN9)

Question 19

sensory supply of pharynx?

Answer 19

CN 5,9 and 10