Ribs Flashcards

1
Q

Rib names and numbers

A

True Ribs: 1-7
False Ribs: 8-12
Floating Ribs: 11-12

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2
Q

T or F: Anterior (sternal) ends lies 5-7” below the level of the vertebral end

A

False, it lies 3-5”

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3
Q

Costochondral

A

•Ribs and costal cartilages

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4
Q

Sternochondral

A

•Rib costal cartilages and sternum

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5
Q

Interchondral

A

•Between costal cartilage

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6
Q

T or F: AP/PA best demonstrate ribs closest to the IR.

A

True

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7
Q

Positions for AP Oblique projection of the ribs

A

LPO and RPO positions

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8
Q

Positions for PA Oblique projections of the the rib

A

RAO and LAO positions

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9
Q

PROJECTION is the

A

path of the central ray as it exits the x-ray tube and goes through the patient to the IR

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10
Q

POSITION is the

A

placement of the body in relation to the IR

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11
Q

Upper ribs considerations

A

•Top of IR 1.5” above shoulders
•Full inspiration

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12
Q

Lower Ribs considerations

A

•Bottom of IR at iliac crests
•Full expiration

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13
Q

Rib considerations Positioning

A

Upright or Recumbent?
•Upper ribs are best demonstrated when patient is upright
•Lower ribs are best demonstrated when patient is recumbent

•Reality: Rib fractures are painful
•If patient can stand: perform all views upright
•If patient is unable to stand: perform all views recumbent

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14
Q

Rib considerations SID

A

-Upper: 72” (according to clover) use 40” in lab challenge
-Lower: 40”

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15
Q

T or F: you can use a BB marker to indicate where the spots of pain on the ribs are

A

True

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16
Q

AP projection upper ribs SID, IR, Position, CR, Collimation, Respiration

A

-SID: 40”
-IR: 14”x17” (CW for lab challenge)
•Top of IR 1.5” above shoulders
-Position: Upright if possible
•MSP is perpendicular and centered
•Shoulders in same plane
•Move arms away from body or hands on hip and roll shoulders forward
-CR: Perpendicular to center of IR
-Collimation: 14”x17”
-Respiration: Suspend at full inspiration to depress diaphragm

17
Q

AP projection Upper Ribs UNILATERAL

A

•Center between MSP and lateral border of ribs
•Collimation: Check lateral border of ribs and include a little past midline

18
Q

AP projections lower ribs

A

-SID: 40”
-IR: 14”x17” (CW for lab challenge)
•Bottom of IR at iliac crests
-Position:
•MSP is perpendicular and centered
•Move arms away from side
-CR: Perpendicular to center of IR
•Halfway between xiphoid process and lower rib margin
-Collimation: 14”x17”
-Respiration: Suspend at full expiration to elevate diaphragm

19
Q

AP Upper ribs Evaluation Criteria

A

-First through tenth posterior ribs
-Ribs visible though the lungs
-In a unilateral exam, ribs from opposite side not included in entirety

20
Q

AP lower ribs Evaluation Criteria

A

-Eighth through twelfth posterior ribs
-Ribs visible though the lungs or abdomen
-In a unilateral exam, ribs from opposite side not included in entirety

21
Q

AP Oblique projection upper ribs SID, IR, Position, CR, Collimation, Marker, Respiration

A

-SID: 40”
-IR: 14”x17” LW
•Top of IR 1.5” above shoulders
-Position: RPO or LPO
•Rotate patient 45 degrees
• Affected side closest to IR
•Abduct arms, hands on head/hips
-CR: Perpendicular to center of IR
-Collimation: 14”x17”
-Mark side closest to IR
-Respiration: Full inspiration

22
Q

AP Oblique Ribs Evaluation Criteria (same as PA oblique Ribs)

A

-Twice as much distance between the vertebral column and the lateral border of the ribs on the affected side as is present on the unaffected side
-AXILLARY PORTION of the ribs free of superimposition with thoracic spine
-1st-10th for upper ribs
-8th-12th for lower ribs
-Ribs visible through the lungs or abdomen according to the region examined

23
Q

PA projection upper ribs SID, IR, Position, CR, Collimation, Respiration

A

-SID: 40”
-IR: 14”×17”
-Position: Upright or recumbent
-MSP is centered to IR
-Hand on hips and rotate shoulders forward (just like Chest x-ray)
-CR: Perpendicular to IR at T7
-Collimation: 14”×17”
-Respiration: Suspend at full inspiration to depress diaphragm

24
Q

PA projection upper ribs UNILATERAL

A

•Center between midline and lateral border of ribs
•Collimation: Check lateral border of ribs and include a little past midline

25
The PA Projection best demonstrates the ________ ribs.
Anterior
26
PA upper rib evaluation criteria
-First through ninth posterior ribs and first through seventh anterior above the diaphragm -Ribs visible though the lungs -In a unilateral exam, ribs from opposite side not included in entirety
27
PA Oblique Projection Upper ribs SID, IR, Position, CR, Collimation, Respiration
-SID: 40” -IR: 14”x17” LW •Top of IR 1.5” above shoulders -Position: RAO or LAO •Rotate patient 45 degrees •Affected side farthest from IR •Abduct arms, hand on head/hip -CR: Perpendicular to center of IR -Collimation: 14”x17” -Respiration: Suspend at full inspiration to depress diaphragm
28
PA Oblique projections demonstrate side ________ from the IR
Away
29
PA Oblique Ribs Evaluation Criteria (same as AP Oblique Ribs)
-Twice as much distance between the vertebral column and the lateral border of the ribs on the affected side as is present on the unaffected side -AXILLARY PORTION of the ribs free of superimposition with thoracic spine -1st-10th for upper ribs -8th-12th for lower ribs -Ribs visible through the lungs or abdomen according to the region examined
30
Pathology terminology
-Flail chest •Multiple adjacent rib fractures in 2+ places results in a portion of the chest wall that is not mechanically connected to the rest of the thoracic cage •Segment moves outward during expiration and inward during inspiration
31
Which Radiographic position best demonstrates the Axillary portion of the ribs on the left side WITHOUT vertebral superimposition
RAO
32
Which Radiographic position best demonstrates the Axillary portion of the ribs on the right side WITHOUT vertebral superimposition
RPO
33
Ribs position and projection
34
Which 2 positions show the left axillary ribs?
LPO and RAO
35
Which 2 positions show the right axillary ribs?
RPO and LAO
36
For PA ribs, you mark the side that is…
Away from the IR
37
For AP ribs you mark the side that is…
Touching the IR
38
Are ribs images with higher or lower kVp than chest?
Lower