Ribosome

Question 1

What is the purpose of ribosomes in translation?

Answer 1

Catalyze formation of peptide bonds between amino acids

Question 2

Where are ribosomes typically localized?

Answer 2

ER

Question 3

What are the two subunits of the prokaryotic subunit?

Answer 3

1. 50S (large subunit)
2. 30S (Small subunit)

Question 4

What is the 50S subunit compose of?

Answer 4

23S rRNA, 5S rRNA, lots of proteins

Question 5

What is the 30S subunit composed of?

Answer 5

16S rRNA and lots of proteins

Question 6

What are the subunits of ribosomes named for?

Answer 6

Their sedimentation rates

Question 7

What is sedimentation rate?

Answer 7

Measure of how fast a particle of a certain mass, size and shape settles when subjected to a centrifugal force.

Question 8

What is the sedimentation of the overall ribosome?

Answer 8

70S NOT 80S (non-additive)

Question 9

Where does synthesis and assembly of ribosomal subunits occur?

Answer 9

In the nucleus

Question 10

Where are completely assembled ribosomal subunits sent?

Answer 10

To the cytoplasm

Question 11

Name the three tRNA binding sites involved in translation.

Answer 11

A-site, P-site, E-site

Question 12

What occurs in the A-site?

Answer 12

entry of charged tRNA, codon-anticodon recognition

Question 13

What occurs in the P-site?

Answer 13

Peptide bond formation

Question 14

What occurs in the E-site?

Answer 14

Empty tRNA exits ribosome.

Question 15

What is the major function of the 30S subunit?

Answer 15

Aligns two tRNA (one in P-site, other in A-site) via codon-anticodon recognition

Question 16

Where is the growing poplypeptide chain held?

Answer 16

At the P-site

Question 17

Where do new amino acids enter the ribosome?

Answer 17

A site

Question 18

How quickly does a polypeptide chain grow during translation?

Answer 18

One amino acid at a time