Rib Cage & Spine

Question 1

Design of Cervical Spine

Answer 1

rotation & mobility

Question 2

Design of Thoracic Spine

Answer 2

support

Question 3

Design of Lumbar Spine

Answer 3

bending & stability

Question 4

Scoliosis

Answer 4

• spine curvature measuring >20 degrees on x-ray
• > 10 degrees is outside normal range
• Females > Males

Question 5

Non-Structural Scoliosis

Answer 5

• corrects with forward flexion (lacks rotation component)

- classified by etiology, magnitude, direction (convex side), & location

Question 6

Structural Scoliosis

Answer 6

has rotary component & doesn’t correct with forward flexion

Question 7

Congenital Scoliosis

Answer 7

• occurs during fetal development
• Caused by
  
  • failure of vertebrae to form normally
  • absence of vertebrae
  • partially formed vertebrae
  • lack of separation of the vertebrae
  • fetal positioning

Question 8

Idiopathic Scoliosis

Answer 8

(cause unknown)
Infantile: birth - 3 years
- curvature more commonly to left & resolves as child grows
- more common in boys
Juvenile: 3 - 9 years
Adolescent: 10 - 18 years
- most common type
- more girls than boys

Question 9

Scoliosis Clinical Observations

Answer 9

• head is not centered
• shoulder height difference
• hip height difference
• shoulder blade height difference
• arms hang different

Question 10

Scoliosis Assessment

Answer 10

• postural alignment
• leg length
• ROM
• strength
• breathing pattern
• functional activities

Question 11

Goals of Therapeutic Exercise for Scoliosis

Answer 11

• postural awareness & re-education
• adequate rib cage mobility for respiration
• strengthening
• assist with bracing & assisting with adaptive activities