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Pediatrics > Rheumatology/Ortho > Flashcards

Rheumatology/Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

What are the criteria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

A

age: 6mo-16yo
sx must be 6mo+
arthritis in 1+ joints
cannot be explained by other dz

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2
Q

What are the categories for juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

A 
SUPEr POP
Systemic arthritis
Undifferentiated arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
Enthesitis
Polyarthritis RF+
Oliogoarthritis
Polyarthritis RF -
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3
Q

Systemic arthritis - PE?

A

FEVER (spikes) + RASH for 2wks

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4
Q

Undifferentiated arthritis?

A

does NOT meet ANY criteria
OR
meets more than ONE category

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5
Q

Polyarthritis (RF+/-) sx?

A

affects more than 5 joints

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6
Q

Morning stiffness, joint swelling, limited range of motion in MANY joints?

A

polyarthritis

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7
Q

Enthesitis - patho?

A

inflammation of where the tendon inserts to the bone

HLA B27

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8
Q

Enthesitis - risk?

A

ankylosing spondylitis (sublux of the vertebra)

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9
Q

Psoriatic arthritis criteria?

A 
RASH
2 of: 
-nail pitting
-dactylitis (sausage fingers)
-family hx of psoriasis
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10
Q

Psoriatic arthritis - risk?

A

iritis

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11
Q

Psoriasis and strep?

A

guttate psoriasis

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12
Q

Olio Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-sx?

A

limp + joint that is warm and tender

can look like septic joint

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13
Q

Olio Juvenile idiopathic arthritis - prognosis?

A

inflammation can lead to plate destruction

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14
Q

JIA - tx?

A

first line - NSAIDs

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15
Q

Prognosis of JIA?

A

female
polyarticular
RF +
have bad outcomes

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16
Q

Lupus risk?

A

female

AA

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17
Q

Lupus defintion?

A

autoimmune
chronic
multisystem

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18
Q

Pt has multiple complaints about organ probs?

A

ANA

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19
Q

SLE dx criteria?

A 
SOAP BRAIN MD
Serositis
Oral ulcers
Arthralgia
Photosensitivity
Blood disorder
Renal abnormalities
ANA
Immunologic disorder
Neurologic disorder
Malar rash
Discoid rash
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20
Q

Common organs related w/ SLE?

A

kidney
MS
skin

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21
Q

SLE - labs?

A 
ALL ORGAN SYSTEM RELATED 
\+
ANA
\+
Anti smith antibody / anti neurotrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies
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22
Q

SLE - tx?

A

first line - NSAIDs
second - steroids
third - refer

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23
Q

NLE -cx?

A

transplacental passage of maternal antibodies

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24
Q

Neonatal lupus- prognosis?

A

usually clears out in 6mo (rash)

but if it doesnt - (1) antenatal steroids (2) pacemaker is needed

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25
Q

SLE - drug cx?

A

carbamazepine

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26
Q

Kawasaki dz-criteria?

A 
FEVER for 5 days 
\+
4/5:
bilateral conjunctivitis
mucous membranes erythema (strawberry tongue)
skin (polymorphous rash)
extremities (edema on arm/leg)
lymph (cervical lymphadenopathy)
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27
Q

Prognosis of kawasaki if untreated?

A

sudden cardiac arrest d/t coronary aneurysms

carditis

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28
Q

Kawasaki prevalence?

A

boys

asians

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29
Q

How can cardiac echos be used in Kawasaki?

A

PREVENT coronary aneurysms NOT diagnose

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30
Q

What is atypical Kawasaki?

A

Fever for 5 days but NOT 4 criteria met
or
fever for <5 days but criteria met

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31
Q

Kawasaki - tx?

A

ADMIT
cardio echo ASAP
IV Ig+ HD ASA (7-10days) –> HD ASA x2wks –> low dose ASA
low dose ASA FOREVER if indications for heart probs

32
Q

What is torticollis?

A

unilateral contracture of the SCM

33
Q

Age onset of torticollis?

A

2-4wks

34
Q

Torticollis - tx?

A

stretching
PT/OT
+/- surgery

35
Q

What is developmental hip dysplasia?

A

acetabulum does not sit in the hip socket

36
Q

Developmental hip dysplasia-risk?

A

female
family hx
breeching position

37
Q

Developmental hip dysplasia untreated?

A

can lead to early osteoarthritis or avascular necrosis

38
Q

Developmental hip dysplasia - PE?

A

Ortolani
Barlow
Galeazzi

39
Q

Developmental hip dysplasia - tx?

A

6mo: closed reduction then traction

>2yo: surgery

40
Q

Developmental hip dysplasia - dx?

A

US
xray
CT/MRI if surgery is needed

41
Q

Painless hip?

A

Legg-calv perthes

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

42
Q

Legg-calv perthes sx?

A

painless limp bilateral

active boys: 6-10yo

43
Q

Legg-calv perthes -PE?

A

log roll

44
Q

Legg-calv perthes - dx?

A

xray

45
Q

Painless limp over 10yo male?

A

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

46
Q

Tall boy painful knee pain NOT inflamed?

A

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

47
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis -PE?

A

loss of internal rotation

48
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis - imaging?

A

xray

CT scan

49
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis - tx?

A

SURGERY

50
Q

Transient synovitis of hip-cx?

A

post viral infxn

51
Q

Transient synovitis of hip - tx?

A

self resolves in 48-72hrs

52
Q

Transient synovitis vs septic arthritis?

A

NO fever

NORMAL PE ONLY pain on hip

53
Q

Septic arthritis-cx?

A

prosthesis

procedures

54
Q

Septic arthritis - bug?

A

staph

strep

55
Q

Septic arthritis - tx?

A

I&D

surgery

56
Q

Idiopathic scoliosis-prevalence?

A

girls

family hx

57
Q

Scoliosis -tx?

A

cobb angle < 20 - observe
cobb angle >20~40 + low riser index = bracing but do not if riser index is 4-5
cobb angle >40 - surgery

58
Q

Riser index 4-5?

A

fusion of the bones

59
Q

Genu varum vs Genu valgum?

A

varum: all kids born with it but goes away by 3yo
valgum: 7yos

60
Q

Genu varum vs genu valgum appearance?

A

varum: rickets
valgum: gotta pee

61
Q

Toeing vs clubfoot?

A

toeing: feet is inverted

club foot: foot is COMPLETELY inverted

62
Q

Toeing tx?

A

resolves in 7yo

63
Q

Clubfoot tx?

A

stretching and casting

64
Q

Toewalking-concerning?

A

over 3yo

65
Q

Why is toewalking in 3yo+ concerning?

A

may result to shortened achilles

66
Q

What is SALTER harris fx?

A 
I- straight
II- above
III - below
IV - through
V - crushing
67
Q

Buckle-tx?

A

splint

NO CAST

68
Q

Toddler’s fx?

A

spiral fx of the tibia

69
Q

Is toddler fx common?

A

9mo - 3yo

70
Q

Osgood schlatter?

A

soteochronditis of the tibial tubercle

71
Q

Osgood schlatter cx?

A

bone pain in atheltes

72
Q

What can athletes get?

A

Osgood schlatter
slipped capital femoral (1/2 pain, painless)
legg-calv perthes (painless)
jones fx (5th metatarsal)

73
Q

Knee pain in active kids?

A

osgood schlatter

slipped capital femoral

74
Q

Osgood schlatter - age?

A

8-14yo

75
Q

Osgood schlatter - tx?

A

NSAID

PT

Pediatrics (12 decks)

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