Rheumatic Disorders

Question 1

Rheumatic

Answer 1

related to the joints

Question 2

Arthritis

Answer 2

inflammation of the joints

Question 3

What are common causes of rheumatic Diseases?

Answer 3

• genetic & environmental factors
• inherited cartilage weakness
• excessive stress on joints from repeated injury
• Gene variation
• Certain viruses
• Gender

Question 4

Common symptoms of arthritis

Answer 4

• constant or recurring pain or tenderness in a joint
• swelling in one or more joints
• stiffness around the joints
• difficulty using or moving a joint normally
• warmth & redness in a joint
• Weakness & fatigue

Question 5

Antinuclear antibody (ANA)

Answer 5

checks levels of antibodies that are often present in CTD or other autoimmune disorders

Question 6

anti-CCP-antibodies

Answer 6

to cyclic citrulline protein are showing potential as a marker for the early detection of RA. CCP antibodies have been found in patients blood for up to 10 years before symptoms appear

Question 7

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Answer 7

• slow progressive disorder of articulating joints, especially weight- bearing joints
• Destroys cartilage & bone, causing disability & pain

Question 8

Where is the referred pain for OA?

Answer 8

• groin
• buttock
• medial side of thigh or knee

Question 9

What are characteristics of OA?

Answer 9

Referred pain, early morning stiffness, but resolves within 30 minutes, Herberdens nodes, Brouchards nodes, knee OA may lead to joint malalignment & have bowlegged appearance, hip OA, if advanced, shorten leg may occur

Question 10

Herberdens Node

Answer 10

raised bony growth over the DIP

Question 11

Brouchards node

Answer 11

raised bony growth over the PIP- and both can be red, swollen, & tender

Question 12

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Answer 12

a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of connective tissue in the diathrodial (synovial) joints

• periods of remission & exacerbation
• Frequently accompanied by extraarticular symptoms
• Destroys the synovial tissue
• Tends to occur symmetrically

Question 13

Characteristics of RA

Answer 13

-fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, generalized stiffness, joint symptoms occur symmetrically & frequently affect the small joints of the hand and feet, joint stiffness after periods of inactivity, MORNING STIFFNESS MAY LAST FROM 60 MINUTES TO SEVERAL HOURS OR MORE DEPENDING ON DISEASE ACTIVITY

Question 14

what is the age of onset for RA?

Answer 14

young to middle age

Question 15

What is the age of onset for OA?

Answer 15

usually > 40

Question 16

What does the Disease look like in RA

Answer 16

systemic with exacerbations & remissions

Question 17

What does the Disease look like in OA

Answer 17

localized with variable, progressive course

Question 18

What are the pain characteristics of RA

Answer 18

stiffness last 1 hr to all day, may decrease with use

Question 19

What are the pain characteristics of OA

Answer 19

stiffness on arising, subsiding after 30 minutes; pain worsens with use/relief with rest

Question 20

What are the Lab findings with RA

Answer 20

RF positive in 80%; increase ESR & CRP

Question 21

What are the lab findings with OA

Answer 21

RF negative; transient increase in ESR related to synovitis

Question 22

What are the affected joints in RA

Answer 22

small joints first, wrists, elbows, shoulders, knees, usually bilateral & symmetric

Question 23

What are the affected joints in OA

Answer 23

weight bearing joints of knees & hips, small joints, cervical & lumbar spine; often asymmetric