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Virology Final > Rhabdoviridae > Flashcards

Rhabdoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

Rhabdoviridae: morphology

A

Enveloped with large spikes, bullet-shaped, helically coiled cylindrical nucleocapsid

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2
Q

Rhabdovirus RNA encodes 5 important proteins

A

L (Large): RNA-dept RNA polymerase (transcriptase)
G(Glycoprotein): forms envelope spikes
N(Nuceloprotein): RNA to form viral nucleocapsid
P(Phosphoprotein): binds L protein to nucleocapsid
M(Matrix): asso. viral nucleocapsid and lipid envelope

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3
Q

Rhabdovirus genome

A

single molecule linear, neg-sense, ssRNA

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4
Q

Rhabdovirus replication takes place in ____, maturation happens by ___

A

the cytoplasm

by budding through the plasma membrane

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5
Q

Lyssavirus is known to cause

A

Rabies (genotype-1 Lyssavirus)

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6
Q

Rabies: transmission

A

Mostly by bite or scratch of infected animal via saliva

through mucous membranes or wounds, aerosol, and transplanted organs is possible

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7
Q

Rabies main host reservoir in urban cycles are

A

Dogs

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8
Q

Rabies often infect “dead-end” hosts which include

A

Humans and most herbivores

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9
Q

Rabies main host reservoir for sylvatic cycle is

A

Bats

also shunks for U.S. (raccoons, red fox)

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10
Q

Rabies CS in bats

A

Mostly asymptomatic

may develop paresis/paralysis, disoriented, aggression

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11
Q

Rabies viruses spreads in the body via

A

Nerves

G proteins binds to axon terminals

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12
Q

Rabies: Bites to the ___ (location on body) have the greatest risk

A

The face,

greater degree of innervation = shorter incubation

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13
Q

Rabies: uncommon routes of entry involve the __ (location) traveling by __ (nerve)

A

Intranasal exposure

Trigeminal nerve/ganglia

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14
Q

When rabies reaches the brain if it replicates in the ___ it leads to the ___ form, However, if it reaches the ___ it develops the ___ form

A

Limbic system, Furious form

neuro-cortex, dumb form

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15
Q

High concentration of rabies virus is contained in the __ (organ)

A

Salivary glands

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16
Q

T or F

There are macroscopic lesion of rabies infected animals

A

False

Histological evidence is seen

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17
Q

T or F

Little immunological response is seen in rabies infection

A

True

Very little antigen is released

18
Q

Rabies: 3 clinical phases of infection

A

Prodromal
Acute excitative (furious)
Paralytic/End stage (dumb)

19
Q

Rabies: prodromal period

A

Virus shedding and temperament change before CS are seen

20
Q

Rabies: Furious form CS

A

Excitment/aggression, Disinhibiton
Hydrophobia (pharyngeal paralysis)
excessive salivation, extreme response to light and sound, hyperesthesia

21
Q

Rabies: Dumb form CS

A

encephalitis, paralysis, ataxia, muscle weakness
convulsive seizures, coma, resp. arrest
Death

22
Q

Rabies: diagnosis

A

Direct FAT- rabies antigens in brain

Negri bodies, RT-PCR, Intracerebral inoculation of weanling mice

23
Q

Rabies: Control

A

Quarantine, vaccine

little treatment possible

24
Q

Vesiculovirus causes

A

Vesicular Stomatitis

25
Q

Two important serotypes of vesiculovirus

A

Indiana serotype

New Jersey serotype- more virulent, widespread

26
Q

VS: transmission

A

through breaks in mucosa or skin

Arthropods

27
Q

VS: pathogenesis

A

localized ulceration that can lead to epithelium being slough

28
Q

VS: CS

A

ulcerated lesions on tongue and coronary band, excessive salivation, fever, anorexia

29
Q

VS: first sign of infection in cattle and horses

A

Excessive salivation

30
Q

VS: first sign in pigs

A

lameness

31
Q

VS: diagnosis

A

Virus isolation, serum samples, CFT, VN

RT-PCR

32
Q

Vesicular stomatitis is indistinguishable from other vesicular diseases, except in __(animal)

A

Horses

lesions characteristics of VS

33
Q

VS: control

A

Reportable disese

quarantine areas, pest control, vaccines (with some success)

34
Q

Ephemerovirus causes

A

Bovine ephemeral fever

3-day sickness

35
Q

BEF: hosts

A

cattle and water buffalo

36
Q

BEF: transmission

A

Arthropod borne

37
Q

BEF: is asso. with ___ of blood

A

Buffy coat

38
Q

BEF: CS

A

polyseroitis of joints, pleural, and peritoneal surfaces
High neutrophil in effusion fluids
fever, excess salivation, serous nasal discharge, dyspnea, stiffness, lameness

39
Q

BEF: diagnosis

A

virus isolation (difficult), IC inoculation of sucking mice

40
Q

BEF: control

A

attenuated virus vaccine

vector control

Virology Final (8 decks)

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