Flaviviridae Flashcards
Flaviridae: General
Spherical, Immature- two membrane asso. proteins (prM and E)
Mature- prM is cleaved
Flaviridae replication takes place in
The cytoplasm
Maturation occurs in the intracytoplasmic membrane
Two biotypes of BVDV
Non-cytopathogenic (ncp)
Cytopathogenic (cp)
ncp- pathogenesis
Uncleaved form of NS2-3 protein, evades apoptosis
invades placenta- PI in calves
congenital, repro, enteric disorders
cp- pathogenesis
From mutation in ncp biotype- cleavage of NS2-3 produces non-structural protein NS3
induces apoptosis in cultured cells
mucosal disease in PI cattle with ncp biotype
BVDV genotypes
Type 1 and 2
Type 1 more frequent
both have cp and noncp viruses
BVDV: transmission
Direct contact: all body fluids
Transplacental, airborne, mechanically, fomites
BVDV: outcomes
subclinical infection, repro failures, PI calves, mucosal disease of calves, thrombocytopenia congenital defects
BVDV: mucosal disease acute CS
Severe diarrhea, dull coat, runny nose, ulcerated oral cavity, erosion of esophagus and peyer’s patches, hemorrhage of abomasum, rumen ulcer, ulcer of coronary band
BVDV: mucosal disease chronic CS
Diarrhea, inappetence, emaciation, rough hair, chronic bloat
BVDV: diagnosis
virus isolation, PCR, ELISA
BDVD: treatment
Vaccinate, cull PI
Pestivirus causes
Classical swine fever
Reportable
CSF: transmission
Direct, fecal-oral, aerosol, fomites, transplacental
CSF primary site of infection is the ___ (organ), spreads by ___
Tonsils
Lymphatics
CSF: Acute CS
drowsy, depressed, Hyperemia,, cyanosis, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, hemorrhagic viscera and bladder, button ulcer colon
abortion, goose-stepping, venous congestion of brain
Pathogeumonic lesion of acute CS of CSF
Turkey egg kidney
CSF: diagnosis
virus isolation, PCR, ELISA, FAT
CSF: control
Reportable
burn carcasses, quarantine farms, hygiene, avoid feeding undercooked meat products,, vaccine
T or F
you can differentiate between a vaccinated animal and a naturally infected one
False
Not when vaccinated with live attenuated vaccine
Differentiates with DIVA
Flavivirus can cause
West Nile virus
WNV: reservoir
Birds
WNV: transmission
mechanically
human-human exposure via contact with blood, breast feeding, etc.
WNV is classified into __(#) lineages
7
only 1 and 2 seen in human disease (1a most freq.)
WNV: CS in humans
rashes, flu-like signs, non-neurological (myocarditis, Hepatitis, nephritis)
**Neuro-invasive- encephalitis, meningitis, meningoencephalitis
WNV: CS in horses
Mostly asymptomatic
some CNS signs- encephalomyelitis with ataxia
WNV: control
Pest control, vaccine
Louping (trembling) ill is a tick-borne disease that infects __(animals)
Sheep and red grouse
Louping ill is most common on __(location)
British isles
Louping ill- Tick vector
Ixodes ricinus
transtadial transmission
Louping ill virus replication takes place in ___ (organ)
brain
Louping ill: CS sheep
CNS signs, stiff bouncing movements (leaping in severe cases), muscle tremors
Louping ill: CS in humans
non-specific, flu-like
CNS signs, hemorrhagic fever
Louping ill: control
tick control, vaccinate
