Picornaviridae

Question 1

Picornaviridae: general

Answer 1

spherical, non-enveloped, smooth app.

Question 2

Picornaviridae genome

Answer 2

single molecule, positive-sense ssRNA, infectious

Question 3

Picornaviridae has a protein attached to 5’ end of RNA called

Answer 3

VPg protein

Question 4

Picornaviridae replication takes place in

Answer 4

the cytoplasm

Question 5

Picornaviriuses cause a characteristic ___ (action

Answer 5

cytopathic effect

rapid cell death

Question 6

Picornaviriuses are stable at ___ pH

Answer 6

Low pH

Question 7

Aphthovirus causes

Answer 7

Foot and mouth disease (FMD)

Question 8

FMD effects all ___ animals. ___ (animal) is resistant

Answer 8

All cloven footed animals

Horses are resistant

Question 9

FMD: transmission

Answer 9

Inhalation- main

direct contact, contaminated animal products, fomites, ingestion

Question 10

FMD: pathogenesis

Answer 10

oropharyngeal infection- viremia- replication in epidermal cells- vesicular lesions

Question 11

FMD can lead to myocardial lesions of focal necrosis called __

Answer 11

Tiger heart

High mortality is calves

Question 12

FMD virus persistance does not occur in ___ (species)

Answer 12

Swine
In cattle up to 2 years
Sheep up to 6 months

Question 13

FMD: CS in cattle

Answer 13

fever, anorexia, depression, decreased milk, hypersalivation, vesicles on tongue and coronary bands
may lead to crater-like uclers

Question 14

Common sequel to FMD is

Answer 14

Hairy panters- chronic anemia, diabetes mellitus, excess hair growth, poor heat tolerance
due to endocrine damage

Question 15

Often first sign of FMD in swine is

Answer 15

Lameness

less prominent ulcers in cattle, vesicles on snout

Question 16

FMD: CS in sheep

Answer 16

often subclinical or mild disease

Question 17

FMD: diagnosis

Answer 17

samples of vesicular epithelium or fluid
ELISA, virus isolation, PCR
DIVA of nonstructural proteins

Question 18

T or F

FMD is reportable

Answer 18

True

Question 19

FMD: Control

Answer 19

vaccine (only of that serotype), quarantine and slaughter in outbreak

Question 20

FMD: CS in humans

Answer 20

often subclinical

fever, anorexia, vesiculation

Question 21

Tremovirus causes

Answer 21

Avian encephalomyelitis

epidemic tremor

Question 22

AE: infects

Answer 22

chickens: 1-3 wks of age

Question 23

AE: transmission

Answer 23

fecal-oral

some vertical observed

Question 24

AE: central chromatolysis is seen in __ (part of organ)

Answer 24

Medulla oblongata

Question 25

AE: CS in chicks

Answer 25

CNS signs, ataxia, leg weakness, tremors of head and neck, paralysis, blindness, death

Question 26

AE survivors may develop

Answer 26

Cataract- blue opacity of lens

Question 27

AE: CS in layers

Answer 27

no CNS

drop in egg production and hatchability

Question 28

AE: diagnosis

Answer 28

CS, virus isolation, immunofluorescent or histochem staining

Question 29

AE: control

Answer 29

depopulation, vaccine

Question 30

Cardiovirus causes

Answer 30

Encephalomyocarditis

Question 31

Cardiovirus natural host are

Answer 31

rodents

infects many types of animals

Question 32

Cardiovirus: transmission

Answer 32

ingestion of contaminated food/water

Transplacental

Question 33

Cardiovirus: CS

Answer 33

acute death, due to destruction of myocardium
Weak heart, pulmonary edema, frothy transudate in resp. tract
non-suppurative meningoencephalitis
abortion, stillbirth, mummies