Retroviridae Flashcards
Retroviruses act by reverse transcriptase of
RNA-dep. DNA polymerase
Retroviruses general
enveloped, spherical
diploid geome- two copies of (+), ssRNA
Retroviruses replicate by
Reverse transcriptase
Feline Leukaemia is a ___retrovirus
gammaretrovirus
FeLV encodes for 3 genes
env, pol, gag
T or F
FeLV is easily destroyed in the environment
True
and is readily destroyed by disinfectants, soap, heat, etc.
FeLV: transmission
direct contact with saliva, nasal secretions, feces, milk, bites
FeLV has a trophism for
Lymphoid tissue (oral and pharyngeal) infects monocytes and lymphocytes
FeLV: pathogenesis
Decreases T (CD4) cells- immunosuppression wasting syndrome
Main determinant for FeLV pathogenesis
SU protein- surface glycoprotein
FeLV: CS
immunosuppression, regenerative(and non) anemia, lymphoma, leukaemia
FeLV: diagnosis
p27 ELISA
IFA, virus isolation, PCR, Serology
FeLV: control
vaccine, isolate + animals
FIV is a ___virus
lentivirus
About ___% of cats in the U.S. are infected with FIV
2.5%
FIV replicates in (cells)
lymphocytes
FIV: pathogenesis
infected lymphocytes - decrease in IL-2 prod. - lymphopenia
increased IL-10 prod. - immunosuppression
FIV: transmission
bite, scratch
via birth canal
FIV: CS
on and off persistent fever, loss of appetite, lethargy, gingivitis, stomatitis, bladder and upper resp. infection
diarrhea, wasting
FIV: diagnosis
ELISA, immunoblotting, PCR
FIV: control and treatment
vaccine, isolate infected
treat symptomatically
retrovirus causes to distinct diseases in birds
Avian leucosis and sarcoma viruses- alpharetrovirus
avian retroviruses: CS
lymphoid leukosis, tumors, nodular lesions of bursa fabricius
AR: can cause osteoporosis of long bones called
Thick leg syndrome
AR: erythroblastosis
presence of erythroblasts in blood- anemia, swollen liver and kidneys
cellular transformation of oncogeneic viruses
A lentivirus in horses causes
Equine infectious anemia virus (Swamp fever)
SF: transmission
mechanically, venerally, in utero, milk/colostrum
SF: pathogenesis
infects monocytes/macrophages - phagocytosis/lysis of RBC-
anemia and thrombocytopenia
SF: CS
Thrombocytopenia = petechiae hemo, edema
asymptomatic until stressed
anemia, lethargy, weightloss, fever, enlarged spleen, swollen belly/legs
SF: diagnosis
AGID or Coggin’s test (may have false answers), ELISA, immunoblot
