Revolt Of The Northern Earls

Question 1

Who were the leaders of the rebellion?

Answer 1

The Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland

Question 2

What was the plan of the leaders of the revolt?

Answer 2

Form a rebel army and march south to end Elizabeth’s rule

Question 3

How did the majority of Catholic nobles react to the revolt?

Answer 3

Refused to join the revolt

Question 4

What happened to Mary, Queen of Scots during the revolt?

Answer 4

Moved to a prison farther south

Question 5

How did Elizabeth’s government respond to the revolt?

Answer 5

Sent a royal army of 100,000 men to the Midlands

Question 6

What happened to the Earls after the revolt failed?

Answer 6

Westmorland escaped abroad; Northumberland was captured and executed

Question 7

Ultimately, why did the revolt fail?

Answer 7

No foreign support was ever sent to the rebels

Question 8

What action did the Earls take upon reaching Durham?

Answer 8

Stormed the Cathedral, destroyed Protestant prayer books, and celebrated a Catholic Mass

Question 9

What was the main religious motivation behind the revolt?

Answer 9

To restore the Catholic faith

Question 10

What did the rebels hope to achieve by capturing Hartlepool?

Answer 10

To have Spanish troops land and support them

Question 11

What was the outcome for the rebels after the revolt?

Answer 11

Around 450 rebels were executed, many fined, and lands confiscated

Question 12

Even though large numbers of men joined the earls in the revolt, what happened with the majority?

Answer 12

Majority of catholic nobles were keen to stay loyal to Elizabeth

Question 13

True or False: The revolt attracted widespread support from Catholic nobles.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Fill in the blank: The revolt aimed to end _______ and restore the Catholic faith.

Answer 14

Elizabeth’s rule

Question 15

What did Elizabeth order regarding Mary, Queen of Scots, in response to the revolt?

Answer 15

To move her to a prison further south

Question 16

What did the Earls do when they learned of the royal army’s size?

Answer 16

Turned back north

Question 17

What was the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 17

The first and rebellion by Catholics against Elizabeth in 1569

It aimed to overthrow Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots.

Question 18

What was one significant outcome of the Revolt of the Northern Earls?
How was her control of the north affected?

Answer 18

Elizabeth’s control over the north of England was strengthened.

The revolt led to the establishment of the Council of the North to enforce anti-Catholic laws.

Question 19

Which northern families lost power and influence as a result of the revolt?

Answer 19

The Percy and Neville families.

Their diminished power was a direct consequence of the revolt’s failure.

Question 20

What did the revolt reveal about Mary, Queen of Scots?

Answer 20

Mary could not be trusted and remained in prison.

This reinforced Elizabeth’s view of Mary as a threat.

Question 21

How did the revolt affect treason laws in England?

Answer 21

Treason laws became harsher as a result.

This was part of the broader crackdown on Catholicism following the revolt.

Question 22

What was the impact on the loyalty of English Catholics after the revolt?

Answer 22

The loyalty of English Catholics was now in doubt.

This led to harsher treatment of Catholics and the implementation of anti-Catholic laws.

Question 23

What action did Pope Pius VI take following the revolt?

Answer 23

He excommunicated Elizabeth by way of the papal bull (order) in 1570

The bull released Catholics to any loyalty to Elizabeth

Question 24

What characterized the leadership of the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland during the revolt?

Answer 24

They were not brave or decisive leaders.

Their indecisiveness contributed to the failure of the revolt.

Question 25

What was the reaction of the Earls when faced with a royal army?

Answer 25

They panicked, retreated, and fled. ## Footnote This lack of resolve highlighted their ineffective leadership.

Question 26

Who were the primary supporters of the revolt?

Answer 26

Most support came from tenants of the two Earls. ## Footnote Appeals to the Catholic nobility to join the revolt failed.

Question 27

Did foreign powers support the Revolt of the Northern Earls?

Answer 27

No, neither the French, Spanish, nor the Pope supported the revolt. ## Footnote King Phillip I of Spain did not want Mary as Queen of England.

Question 28

How did Elizabeth's government respond to the rebellion?

Answer 28

Elizabeth's government did not panic and raised a large army. ## Footnote Officials in the north prevented the rebels from capturing key towns.

Question 29

What was the consequence for those who participated in the revolt?

Answer 29

Several hundred people were executed for taking part. ## Footnote This was part of the government's crackdown on rebellion.

Question 30

What was the primary religious goal of the rebels in the revolt?

Answer 30

To re-establish Catholicism as the country's religion. ## Footnote This reflects the importance of religion as a central cause of the revolt.

Question 31

What significant action did the Earls take at the start of the revolt?

Answer 31

Stormed into Durham Cathedral and held a Catholic service. ## Footnote This action indicates the rebels' commitment to their religious cause.

Question 32

What political grievances did the Earls have against Elizabeth?

Answer 32

Elizabeth weakened their powers in the North and took lands from them. ## Footnote This contributed to their desire for revolt.

Question 33

Which important position did the Earl of Northumberland lose?

Answer 33

Warden of the Middle March. ## Footnote This loss represented a significant reduction in his political power.

Question 34

What financial hardships did many northern nobles face?

Answer 34

Loss of land and resources, such as copper mines. ## Footnote This financial strain contributed to their grievances.

Question 35

Who did the Earls blame for their loss of political power and religious changes?

Answer 35

Evil councillors, particularly Cecil. ## Footnote This blame fueled their desire for revolt.

Question 36

What was the Earls' plan involving Mary, Queen of Scots?

Answer 36

To marry her to the Duke of Norfolk to help her become Elizabeth's successor. ## Footnote This plan was significant for both political and religious reasons.

Question 37

What did the Catholic rulers, Philip II of Spain and the Pope, offer regarding the revolt?

Answer 37

Willingness to support the revolt. ## Footnote Their support was crucial for the rebels' confidence.

Question 38

What fear motivated the Earls to consider revolt after the Norfolk plan failed?

Answer 38

Fear of prison or execution. ## Footnote This fear drove them to take drastic action.

Question 39

Who encouraged the earl Westmorland not to back down?

Answer 39

Lady Westmorland. ## Footnote This shows the influence of women in the political landscape.

Question 40

How was the government of the North of England changed under Elizabeth?

Answer 40

It was carried out by the Council of the North instead of traditional nobility. ## Footnote This shift undermined the power of northern nobles.

Question 41

What did the rebels want for Mary regarding her status?

Answer 41

To be recognized as Elizabeth's successor and for her imprisonment to end. ## Footnote This reflects their political ambitions intertwined with religious objectives.

Question 42

What symbols did the rebels wear to express their religious allegiance?

Answer 42

Catholic badges and emblems. ## Footnote These symbols were a clear indication of their religious identity.