Catholics Flashcards
Why did some Catholics challenge the Religious Settlement?
Catholics were concerned about the absence of the Catholic Mass, which they believed put their personal salvation at risk.
The Religious Settlement established a Protestant Church without the Catholic Mass.
Why did Elizabeth compromise regarding the Religious Settlement?
Elizabeth compromised to gain the support of the Catholic political classes to help her run the country.
This compromise was essential for her governance.
How did Elizabeth’s title differ from Henry VIII’s?
Elizabeth called herself Supreme Governor, not Head, of the Church.
Henry VIII had declared himself Head of the Church of England.
What elements of the Church did Catholics find acceptable?
Catholics accepted the presence of bishops and archbishops, ornate clerical gowns, stained-glass windows, and organs in parish churches.
These elements helped maintain a familiar appearance in churches.
What were the penalties for non-attendance in the Act of Uniformity?
Most penalties were fines for non-attendance.
Elizabeth did not pursue harsh punishments for religious non-compliance.
True or False: Elizabeth introduced severe punishments for non-attendance at church services.
False.
Elizabeth did not introduce punishments like those during Mary’s reign.
What was the general attitude towards connections with Catholic Europe after Mary’s reign?
There was little enthusiasm for connections with Catholic Europe.
This was due to the disasters experienced during Mary’s reign.
What did recusants refuse to do?
Recusants refused to attend the new church services.
They believed in the doctrine of the Catholic Church and the Latin Mass.
What role did the Papacy play in influencing English Catholics?
The Papacy was vital for influencing the actions of European Catholic rulers and Catholics in England.
This influence was particularly significant during the time of the Religious Settlement.
How did Pope Pius IV respond to Elizabeth’s Religious Settlement?
Pope Pius IV took no action against Elizabeth initially, perhaps hoping to persuade her to change her mind.
This inaction allowed the new Church time to establish itself.
What happened when the Pope finally excommunicated Elizabeth?
By the time of excommunication in 1570, eleven years had passed, and there was no effective support for rebellion.
The lack of support from powerful Catholic nations rendered the excommunication ineffective.
What was the stance of Philip II of Spain regarding rebellion in England?
Philip II did not wish to lead a religious crusade against Elizabeth.
He was occupied with Protestant rebels in the Spanish Netherlands.
Fill in the blank: Elizabeth’s Church kept the _______ and _______.
bishops, archbishops
These positions were retained to maintain continuity within the Church.
How did some Catholics practice their faith despite the Religious Settlement?
Some attended Mass at local houses or celebrated Mass in secret meeting places.
These practices were conducted quietly to avoid persecution.
True or False:
Many catholics accepted the Religious Settlement because their chance of heaven was at risk
False
What proportion of the nobility and gentry were recusants?
Up to 1/3rd
Recusants were Catholics who refused to attend Anglican services.
Why was the Catholic nobility a threat to Elizabeth?
They were from traditional and powerful families, resented loss of influence, and were well-placed to incite rebellion
Families such as the Neville’s and Percy’s had prospered under Mary Tudor.
Which regions of England had influential Catholic nobility?
The north and northwest
These areas had always enjoyed a degree of independence from the Crown.
What did the Pope instruct Catholics regarding Church of England services?
Not to attend
This was part of the counter reformation
How did Elizabeth react to Catholic challenges?
She preferred to ‘turn a blind eye’ and did not strictly enforce penalties
This leniency was partly due to her desire not to penalize people for their beliefs.
What practices did Elizabeth reintroduce in the 1560s?
Ornate gowns for clergy, Requiem Mass, candles, and crucifixes
These practices were indicative of her leniency towards Catholics.
Why was Elizabeth unable to maintain leniency towards Catholics throughout her reign?
Catholic invasions and plots increased, particularly after the arrival of Mary, Queen of Scots
What happened to 200 Catholics identified as ‘active’ and hostile to Elizabeth?
They were executed
The majority of these were Jesuit priests, seen as political traitors.
True or False: Elizabeth’s bishops were instructed to vigorously examine people’s religious beliefs.
False
Elizabeth did not want anyone to be vigorously examined over their beliefs.
What was the Counter reformation?
The Catholic Churches attempts to reverse the Protestant reformation in Europe and they were charged with heresy in europe. In 1566, the pope told all catholics not to attend the Church of England services
