revision properties of materials Flashcards
Atomic number
this tells you how many protons it contains
mass number
this tells you how many protons and neutrons each atom in the element has in total
protons, neutrons, electrons charge
Protons have a positive charge, Electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons don’t have a charge
group 1 trends and properties
melting and boiling point decrease as you go down the group
what those the group number tell us
it tells us the number of electrons in the outer shell
group 7 trends and properties
color= it gets darker as you go down the group
melting and boiling point increase as you go down the group
group 8 (or group 0) trends and properties
the melting and boiling point increase as you go down the group
the two ways of bonding
an atom can lose or gain an electron, or they can share an electron
ionic bonds
there is an attraction between the positively charged ions and the negatively charged ions they give or gain an electron
covalent bonds
when a non-metal shares its electrons with another non-metal
metallic bonds
they are giant structures and in a very organized pattern and they have delocalized electrons so they can conduct electricity
giant covalent
they have very high melting points and are extremely hard substances. they have giant lattice structures and have very strong covalent bonds
diamond
is the hardest material on earth, they are made of carbon and each carbon atom forms four strong covalent bonds
graphite
it has layers to it; the covalent bonds are very strong but the intermolecular forces in-between the layers are very week
