Review Tintinallis Flashcards
Role of triage during disaster is to
do the most good for the most people
________is the most serious complication of crush syndrome
Renal failure
________ the most consistent feature of compartment syndrome.
Pain
Vesicular lesions all in the same stage of development in a centrifugal distribution are a hallmark of
Smallpox
____________ acid are given to patients in CHF instead of lasix if they are allergic to ______drug
Ethacrynic; sulfa
Longitudinal Framingham study found that most syncope causes are_________
Inderterminate; unknown
Mortality rate appears to be reduced to 35% with the use of ________in MI
nitrates
_____________affects about 2.4% of the population in the industrialized world.
Mitral valve prolapse
Which of the following signs or symptoms has the highest specificity in the diagnosis of acute heart failure?
Orthopnea
___________, whether by PCI or CABG, is the treatment of choice for cardiogenic shock. Early revascularization is associated with the highest survival, followed by IABP combined with _________
Early revascularization;IABP ;thrombolytic therapy
_______, _________,_________ respectively, have sensitivities of 41%, 27%, and 6%.
Cephalization, interstitial edema, and alveolar edema
+___________ is the gold standard for heart failure,
Echocardiography
Both the AHA and the ACC recommend primary coronary intervention within __________
90 minutes if possible
The immobilization of the _____________confers the greatest risk to the patient
knee and hip
___________should be avoided in cardiac shock because of their negative inotropy and chronotropy
Beta-blockers
_________is clinically the most important complication of nitroglycerin use
Transient hypotension
________, _________, _________have been found to be associated with mitral valve prolapse
Pectus excavatum, scoliosis, and low body weight
___________is discouraged in the treatment of hypertensive emergencies except preeclampsia. This
Nifedipine
Clevidine approved for use in hypertensive emergencies, except for ___________due to its potential for hypotension and reflex tachycardia.
aortic dissection,
During the resuscitation and ultimate death of a child in the emergency department (ED), the family-centered and team-oriented approach would encourage that the family be:
Present during the resuscitation and encouraged to remain with their child after death
___________including parenchymal disruption, hemorrhage, hemopneumothorax, and eventual acute respiratory distress syndrome is the most common fatal primary injury associated with blast injuries
Pulmonary barotrauma
What is generally considered to be the weakest link of most disaster responses?
Communications
What is the key defining characteristic of a disaster?
Mismatch between available and required resources
_______________by removing them from further exposure is the primary role of hot zone HAZMAT personnel.
Rescuing the victims
What is the preferred therapy for hyponatremia in athletes during prolonged events?
Oral rehydration
fecal incontinence, drooling, vomiting, and irritated eyes after exposure to an unknown vapor. This patient is suffering from exposure to an organic phosphorus (or organophosphate) agent, and is demonstrating key features of the “SLUD” (________________) or “SLUDGE” ______________________syndrome . ___________ and ____________are indicated to help relieve these symptoms
salivation, lacrimation, urination, and defecation; (salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, gastrointestinal upset, and emesis); Atropine and pralidoxime
What constitutes the vast majorities of blast injuries
Terrorists bombings
Which of the following protective methods is appropriate for most infectious agents of concern for bioterrorism?
Standard precautions
Which of the following organ systems is most sensitive to the effects of ionizing radiation?
Hematopoietic system
Which of the following is frequently a major health threat in disaster-affected populations?
Exacerbation of chronic diseases
What is the “universal” decontamination agent?
Water
Which of the following should be monitored as an indicator of the extent of radiation injury?
Lymphocytes
Methods for protecting against radiation exposure by a healthcare worker is
Time, Shielding, Distance
Life-threatening causes of chest pain
Tension pneumo ACS PE Aortic dissection Acute MI
Right lobe has _____lobes and the left lobes have ___lobes. The right lobe has _____segments. the left lung has _____segments.
3 ; 2 ; 10; 8
What is the primary functional units of the lungs?
Lobules
Lungs Lobes are separated by
Fissures.
_______shock is a results of massive vasodilation that is caused by _______nervous system suppression
Neurogenic; Sympathetic
_______is a results of massive vasodilation that is caused by mediators being released during the inflammatory process.
Septic
________is caused by massive vasodilation caused by the release of ________
Anaphylactic; histamine
A _______ Aneurysm is generally a result of atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries
FUSIFORM
A _______ aneurysm has generally a congenital defects
Saccular
A _________aneurysm is generally a result of necrotic vasculitis, or septic emboli.
Mycotic
A ________Aneurysm is generally a result of a skull fracture that disrupts a vessel
Traumatic.
