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Unit 7 > Review Session Tidbits > Flashcards

Review Session Tidbits Flashcards

1
Q

ACC is active when (phosphorylated/dephosphorylated)

A

dephosphorylated (by insulin stimulated phosphatase)

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2
Q

phosphorylation of ACC by glucagon, epi, NE causes:

A

ACC to become inactive, can’t make malonyl CoA in FA synthesis

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3
Q

cofactor used in ACC

A

biotin

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4
Q

residue for attachment in Fatty Acid Synthase

A

phosphopantetheinyl residue

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5
Q

most common desaturase enzyme

A

delta 9

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6
Q

(aspirin/acetaminophen)=irreversible inhibition of COX 1 and COX 2 in cyclic pathway from arachidonic acid to prostaglandin and thromboxane

A

aspirin

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7
Q

(cyclic/linear/cytochrome P450) pathway from arachidonic acid makes leukotrienes, involved in contraction of smooth muscle in the lungs

A

linear. leukotrienes can be inhibited by drugs to relax asthma spasms

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8
Q

add which amino acid to IMP to get AMP and fumarate?

A

aspartate

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9
Q

phospholipase (A2/D/C) cuts a phospholipid into a fatty acid and a glycerol-phosphate-head group-fatty acid

A

A2 (precursor to arachidonic acid

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10
Q

which phospholipase is inhibited by glucocorticoids

A

A2 (prevents formation of arachidonic acid

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11
Q

which phospholipase takes just the head group off the phospholipid

A

D

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12
Q

which phospholipase takes the head group and phosphate off the phospholipid

A

C

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13
Q

which phospholipase cleaves a phospholipid into phosphatidic acid/DAG, which stimulates PKC, and IP3, which stimulates calcium release?

A

C

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14
Q

which phospholipase is especially important to cell signaling, cleaves off phosphoserine

A

D

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15
Q

lysosomal storage disorder that is rapid, fatal neurodegeneration. GM2 ganglioside builds up

A

Tay Sachs

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16
Q

lysosomal storage disorder def beta hexo aminidase A

A

Tay Sachs

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17
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with hepatosplenomegaly, neurodegen, build up of sphingomyelin

A

Niemann Pick

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18
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with def sphingomyelinase

A

Niemann Pick

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19
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with neuro degen, skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly, build up of GM1 and keratan sulfate

A

GM1 gangliosidosis

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20
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with def beta galactosidase

A

GM1 gangliosidosis

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21
Q

most common lysosomal storage disorder

A

Gaucher

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22
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with hepatosplenomegaly, osteoporosis, treat with enzyme replacement therapy

A

Gaucher

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23
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with build up of gluco cerebrosides

A

Gaucher

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24
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with def beta glucosidase

A

Gaucher

25
Q

lysosomal storage disorder like Tay Sachs, with visceral involvement

A

Sandhoff

26
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with def beta hexo aminidase

A

Sandhoff

27
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with build up of GM2 and globosides

A

Sandhoff

28
Q

lysosomal storage disorder–X linked, skin rash, kidney and heart failure, burning pain in legs

A

Fabry’s

29
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with build up of globosides and def alpha galactosidase

A

Fabry’s

30
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with painful joint deformity, hoarse cry, lipid nodules under skin

A

Farber

31
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with ceramide build up and ceramidase def

A

Farber

32
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with demyelination, paralysis

A

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

33
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with build up of sulphatides and def aryl sulfatase

A

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

34
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with build up of galactocerebrosides and def beta galactosidase

A

Krabbe-Globoid cell Leukodystrophy

35
Q

lysosomal storage disorder with blindness, deafness, deterioration

A

Krabbe-Globoid cell Leukodystrophy

36
Q

(choline/amine) containing phospholipids are on the inner surface

A

amine

37
Q

(choline/glycolipids/amine) containing phospholipids are on the outer surface of the cell membrane

A

choline and glycolipids

38
Q

asymmetric cell membrane phospholipids maintained by (2 things)

A

flippases and ATP

39
Q

what type of linkage does amylase cleave

A

internal 1,4 alpha Glu-Glu

40
Q

how is glycogen different from amylopectin

A

same structure but much more branching

41
Q

which two steps in glycolysis have substrate level phosphorylation?

A

phosphoglycerate kinase and enolase–CREATE energy

42
Q

what enzyme is responsible for “glucose” entering the glycogen pathway

A

phosphoglucomutase (G6P G1P)

43
Q

what enzyme removes glucose from the terminal end of glycogen by cleaving the bond with a phosphate

A

glycogen phosphorylase

44
Q

major control enzyme for TCA cycle

A

isocitrate DHase

45
Q

NADH and ATP (activate/inhibit) isocitrate DHase

A

inhibit

46
Q

ADP (activates/inhibits) isocitrate DHase

A

activates

47
Q

pentose phosphate shunt takes place in the (mit/cytoplasm)

A

cytoplasm

48
Q

___ is formed from ornithine and then transported out of the mit and converted along with Asp into Arginosuccinate

A

citrulline

49
Q

ornithine is transported (into/out of) the mit

A

into

50
Q

treat (Hartnup’s/Cystinuria) with penicillamine and increased fluid intake

A

Cystinuria

51
Q

treat (Hartnup’s/Cystinuria) with niacin (B3)

A

Hartnup’s

52
Q

a defect in Homogentisate Oxygenase results in ______, inability to metabolize Phe and Tyr, black cartilage build ups

A

alkaptonuria

53
Q

defective branched chain keto acid DHase results in which disease

A

maple syrup urine disease

54
Q

pyruvate (DHase/carboxylase) converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA, so excess acetyl CoA inhibits it

A

DHase

55
Q

pyruvate (DHase/carboxylase) produces OAA which condenses with acetyl CoA to form citrate and is stimulated by excess acetyl CoA

A

carbosylase

56
Q

in the presence of glucocorticoids, hepatic gluconeogenesis is (increased/decreased)

A

increased

57
Q

Deficiency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase can lead to (Uric acid accumulation/ orotic acid accumulation)

A

uric acid accum. HGPRT deficiency. Also causes behavioral changes. Lesch Nyhan syndrome

58
Q

Methotrexate inhibits (ribonucleotide reductase/dihydrofolate reductase)

A

dihyrofolate reductase

59
Q

hydroxyurea inhibits (ribonucleotide reductase/dihydrofolate reductase)

A

ribonucleotide reductase

Unit 7 (7 decks)

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