Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 5 Week 5 Dani > Review of autonomics and hypothalamus > Flashcards

Review of autonomics and hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

blood flow to the skin as a (blank) reflex

A

local

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A hot compress on a small area of skin causes local (blank) and (blank)

A

vasodilation and sweating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The reflex contraction of the bladder in response to stretch is another example of a (blank) reflex

A

local

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The (blank) is a prominent intermediary for many local reflexes.

A

nucleus solitarius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can exert its influences by way of direct connections to preganglionic neurons or through other brainstem reticular nuclei?

A

nucleus solitarious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kidn of effects can the nucleus solitarious have?

A

hormonal and behavioral responses through the brainstem or visceral motor responses through the preganglionic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

receives input about the state of th ebody and reads thinks like body temp, levels of fatty acids and glucose, length of day, and levels of circulating hormones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The hypothalamus, after receiving info about temp, FA, glucose, hormones, what does it do with this info?

A

has both direct and indirect connections to motor neurons by way of neural and humoral pathways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens if you cut the descending tract of the hypothalamus and reticular formation?

A

you get unregulated autonomic reflex

autonomic dysreflexia/hypereflexia, neurogenic bladder, hyperthermia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you get bladder contraction and voiding?

A

hypothalamus-> midbrain PAG-> pontine micturation center-> parasympathetics and somatic motor neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Are paraysmpathetics cholinergic or adrenergic?

A

cholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Are preganglionic sympathetics cholinergic and adrenergic?

A

cholinergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are postganglionic sympathetics with the exception of sweat glands are (blank).

A

adrenergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Massive response as seen in elevated body temp is via (blank)

A

cortical control (all preganglionic involved in sweating and vasodilation will be involved)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If you cut all cortical control to the bladder, will the bladder still contract?

A

yes via the local reflex (neurogenic reflex of bladder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which 2 cranial nerves have a lot of input to the nucleus solitarius?

A

CN 9 and CN 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the pathway that runs from the brainstem to the cortex and is it myelinated?

A

medial forebrain bundles

it is unmyelinated and does NOT go to thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is associated with control of autonomics and uses monoamines as NT’s (dopamine, serotonin etc.)?

A

medial forebrain bundles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the reflex pathway for viscera?

A

visceral sensory input to preganglionic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In order to reach the cortex, the nucleus solitarius must communicate to the (blank) or (blank)

A

hypothalamus

parabrachial nucles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

WHat will happen to your bladder if you lose your cortex?

A

bladder will still contract but not at right time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What will happen to your bladder if you lose the hypothalamus?

A

bladder will contract but will be activated by ANY stretch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What will happen to your bladder if you have a lesion at the lower center (LMN)?

A

the bladder will no longer contract (flaccid atonic bladder) and will cause retention and at some point the bladder will have so much pressure that their will be dribbling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Damage to UMN results in (blank) bladder. Damage to LMN results in (blank) bladder.

A

reflexive (spastic)

flaccid or atonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the three afferents to the hypothalamus?

A

hippocampus, amygdala, brainstem

26
Q

What is involved in the consolidation of memories?

A

fornix, hippocampus and mammilary bodies.

27
Q

What gives affarents to the fornix to the mamillary bodies?

A

hippocampus

28
Q

How does the amygdala transmit its affarents to the hypothalamus?

A

via the stria terminalis which passes up behing the thalamus and goes to the anterior nuclear group of the hypothalamus

29
Q

How does the cortex and brainstem send afferents to the hypothalamus?

A

Via the MFB
a birdirectional pathway that runs from brainstem through the hypothalamus to the medial and frontal cortex
(MOST IMPORTANT)

30
Q

What is significant about the MFB?

A

it can bypass the thalamus

31
Q

The hypothalamus sends infrmation to the cortex via (blank) main bundles.

32
Q

What are the three main bundles from the hypothalamus to the cortex (efferents) and are they bidirectional?

A

the fornix (bidirectional)
MFB (bidirectional)
mammillothalamic (hippocampus to thalamus)

33
Q

T/F

the hypothalamus has direct connections to the brainstem and spinal cord

34
Q

How can the hypothalamus be divided?

A

into perivetricular, medial and lateral zones

35
Q

What separates the medial and lateral zones of the thalamus?

A

the fornix

36
Q

What does the medial zones of the hypothalamus contain?

A

well definied nuclei

37
Q

What does the lateral zones of the hypothalamus contain?

A

large fiber bundles and the MFB

38
Q

The (blank) is massive and comes from brainstem reticular formation and passes through the hypothalamus on the way to prefrontal cortical areas.

39
Q

What does the MFB allow for?

A

the hypothalamus to influence cortical outputs

40
Q

What are the there zones that the hypothalamus can be divided into from rostral to caudal?

A

optic chiasm
stalk of pituitary
mammillary bodies

41
Q

(blank) and (blank) nuclei have neurons that have axons that go down into posterior pituitary and release oxytocin and ADH

A

paraventricular nuclei and supraoptic nuclei

42
Q

(blank) nucleus plays a role in circadian rhythm

A

suprachiasmic

43
Q

Lateral to the hypothalamic sulcus are more nuclei where (blank) passes through and is involved with regulating temperation

44
Q

If you have legion in the lateral part of the supraoptic region what will happen?

A

loss of heat dissipation

45
Q

The (blank) region is just behind the stalk of the pituitary showing the location of the arcute nucleus as part of the periventricular group

A

tuberal region

46
Q

What does the tuberal region of the hypothalamus function in?

A

control in releasing factors an thus in control of the anterior pituitary

47
Q

The (blank) nucleus is the main area for the production of releasing factors.

A

arcuate nucleus

48
Q

The (blank) nucleus is considered to be a satiety center .

A

ventromedial nucleus

49
Q

The (blank) area can be thought of as a hunger center.

A

lateral hypothalamic

50
Q

The interactions between what 2 things is thought to regulate body weight and the set point theory of weight control?

A

ventromedial nucleus and lateral hypothalamic area

51
Q

Lesions in the lateral hypothalamic area and ventromedial nucleus creates what problem?

A

major changes in levels of aggression

52
Q

What is the mammillary nucleus involved in?

A

consolidation of memory

53
Q

What does the posterior nucleus do?

A

temp. regulation, and heat production

54
Q

Lateral part of hypothalamus does what for heat? posterior nucleus of hypothalamus does what for heat?

A

dissipates heat

makes heat

55
Q

What part of the brain is linked to korsakoffs?

A

mammillary bodies

56
Q

Animals with lesions in this area become hypothermic when they are placed in a room where the temp. isn’t controlled.
What area am i referring to?

A

the posterior nucleus

57
Q

(blank) nucleus of the hypothalamus connects to motor neurons and preganglionics-> for shivering response and vasoconstriction of blood vessles does this by direct paths to (blank)

A

posterior nuclei

spinal cord

58
Q

What do you find in the supraoptic area of the hypothalamus?

A 
hypothalamic sulcus
CN III
praventricular nucleus
suprachiasmatic nucleus
supraoptic nucleus
optic chiasm
59
Q

What do you find in the tuberal region?

A

medial and lateral hypothalamic region
Medial-> MFB, Ventromedial nucleus, arcuate nucleus, fornix
Lateral-> MFB and fornix

60
Q

What do you find in the mamillary area??

A

mammillary nuclei, CN III, fornix

and posterior nucleus

Block 5 Week 5 Dani (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions