Reverse Pharm-GI Flashcards
H2 blockers (4/suffix)
Reversible block of histamine H2 receptors leading to decr. H+ secretion by parietal cells
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild GERD
1=potent inhib. of P450, antiandrogenic effects, can cross BBB and placenta
1/2=decr. renal excretin of creatinine
3/4=free of s/x
cimetidine (1), ranitidine (2), famotidine, and nizatidine?
PPIs (5 or suffix)
Irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase in stomach parietal cells
peptic ulcer, gastritis, esophageal reflux, and ZE syndrome
Incr. risk of C. diff, pneumonia
Decr. serum Mg2+ w/ long term use
omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, and dexlansoprazole
(2) Mechanism: bind to ulcer base, providing physical protection and allowing HCO3 secretion to reestablish pH gradient in mucosal layer.
Incr. ulcer healing
Traveler’s diarrhea
bismuth, sucralfate
PGE1 analog
incr. production and secretion of gastric mucosa barrier
Decr. acid production
PRevention of NSAID induced peptic ulcers
maintenance of PDA
Off label for induction of labor (ripens cervix)
Diarrhea.
CI=women of childbearing potential (abortifacient)
Misoprostol
Long acting somatostatin analong
Inhibits action of many splanchnic vasoconstriction hormones
Acute variceal bleeds
acromegaly
VIPoma
Carcinoid tumors
Nausea, cramps, steatorrhea
octreotide
Antacids (3)
Can affect absorption, bioavailability, or urinary excretion of other drugs by altering gastric acid or urinary pH or by delaying gastric emptying
All can cause hypokalemia
1=constipation
2=hypercalcemia, rebound acid incr.
3=diarrhea
Aluminum hydroxide (1), calcium carbonate (2), and magnesium hydroxide (3)
Osmotic laxatives
Provide osmotic load to draw water into GI lumen
Constipation
1=hepatic encephalopathy (trapping urea as NH4+)
Diarrhea, dehydration; abuse by bulimics
magnesium hydroxide magnesium citrate, polyethylene glycol, and lactulose (1)
Sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5 aminosalicylic acid (anti-inflammatory)
Activated by colonic bacteria
UC, Crohns disease (colitis component)
Malaise, nausea, sulfonamide toxicity, reversible oligospermia
sulfasalazine
5-HT3 antagonist;
Decr. vagal stimulation
Powerful central acting antiemetic
Control vomiting postoperatively
Cancer chemo anti-emetic
Headache, constipation, QT prolongation
ondansetron
D2 receptor antagonist
Incr. resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility.
Does not influence colon transport time
Diabetic and postsurgery gastroparesis,
antiemetic
Incr. parkinsonian effects, tardive dyskinesia
REstlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression
diarrhea
drug interaction w/ digoxin and diabetic agents
CI: Small bowel obstruction or parkinson disease
Metoclopramide
Inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase leading to decr. breakdown and absorption of dietary fats
Weight loss
Steatorrhea, decr. absorption of fat soluble vitamins
Orlistat
