Restrictive Lung Dysfunction Flashcards
restrictive lung dysfunction is an abnormal ____ in pulmonary ventilation, so volume of air moving IN and OUT is _____
reduction, reduced
Describe how lung compliance, lung volumes and work of breathing are impacted in restrictive lung dysfunction?
Chest wall and lung compliance is decreased-> so lungs are stiff and difficult to expand, and increased resistance to lung EXPANSION is increased
Volumes: IRV, TV, ERV, and RV are DECREASED
Capacities: TLC, VC, FRC are DECREASED
INCREASED work of breathing
How would you treat a restrictive lung dysfunction if it is etiological cause versus if it is reversible?
if etiological, then it is permanent and the tx would consist of supportive measures
if it is reversible, tx would be corrective (chest tube), and supportive (temporary mechanical ventilation)
What is the more common type of maturational cause of restrictive lung dysfunction?
hypoplasia- incomplete development= so functioning lung but not normal
(aplasia- rudimentary bronchus w/o normal parenchyma, agenes is rare as it is the absence of bronchus and lung parenchyma)
What condition is caused by inadequate surfactant production and is a hyaline membrane disease and is linked to gestational age?
respiratory distress syndrome
What are the changes in lungs that are common in normal aging?
compliance decreases, max voluntary ventilation decreases, vital capacity decreases, chemoreceptors less receptive to hypoxia, decrease chest wall compliance, elastic recoil diminishes
Which pulmonary restrictive lung dysfunction is an inflammatory process of alveolar wall with patchy focal lesions scattered?
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Which pulmonary restrictive lung dysfunction is an interstitial lung disease caused by inhalation of coal dust?
coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
Which pulmonary cause of restrictive lung dysfunction has diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrotic disease caused by asbestos exposure and leads to alveolitis in respiratory bronchioles?
asbestosis
What pulmonary cause of restrictive lung disease is found in survivors of RDS and is a chronic pulmonary syndrome in neonates who have been ventilated and received high concentrations of O2?
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Which pulmonary cause of restrictive lung dysfunction is a fibrotic lung disease that affects small airways and produces restrictive and obstructive lung dysfunction with necrosis of respiratory epithelium and what is it associated with in adults, pediatrics?
bronchiolitis obliterans, toxic fume inhalation, viral infection
What pulmonary cause of restrictive lung dysfunction is due to an incomplete expansion of lung or loss of volume and what would you see on a chest x-ray of this condition?
atelectasis, opacification on radiograph
Which pulmonary cause of restrictive lung dysfunction is an inflammatory process of the lung parenchyma and begins as an infection of the lower respiratory tract?
pneumonia
Which pulmonary cause of restrictive lung dysfunction is caused by acute lung injury and severe hypoxemia and leads to increased permeability of the alveolar-capillary membrane?
adult respiratory distress syndrome/ acute lung injury
Which pulmonary cause of restrictive lung dysfunction is due to malignant growth of abnormal epithelial cells in the bronchus?
bronchogenic carcinoma
