restriction enzymes

Question 1

restriction enzymes

Answer 1

Restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA into smaller more usable fragments and isolate particular regions of interest (single genes)

Question 2

endonucleases

Answer 2

enzymes that cut DNA at a specific recognition sites.

Question 3

Restriction endonucleases

Answer 3

refer to enzymes that cleave/cut nucleic acids at the middle of the nucleic acid

Question 4

Restriction exonucleases

Answer 4

are enzymes that cleave/cut nucleic acids at the ends

Question 5

Sticky-end restriction enzymes

Answer 5

leave DNA fragments with overhanging ends. They cut the DNA backbone at a different location on each strand within the restriction site

Question 6

Blunt-end restriction enzymes

Answer 6

leave clean-cut ends by cutting the sugar-phosphate backbone on both strands of the DNA molecule at the same location within the recognition site.

Question 7

Ligases

Answer 7

Ligases are a group of enzymes that join fragments of DNA or RNA and create a phosphodiester bond between then

Question 8

Polymerases

Answer 8

Polymerases are enzymes that catalyse the formation of polymers, in particular nucleic acids.

Question 9

DNA Polymerase

Answer 9

acts to produce identical copies of DNA

Question 10

RNA Polymerase

Answer 10

acts to assemble RNA. In cells, RNA polymerase synthesises mRNA, rRNA and tRNA by transcription of genes.