Restricted Cardiomyopathy Flashcards
1
Q
ESSENCE
A
Cardiomyopathy characterised by stiff myocardium and diastolic dysfunction
2
Q
EPIDEMIOLOGY
How common in terms of main 3 cardiomyopathies
A
Least common
3
Q
AETIOLOGY
Causes
A
- Post-radiation fibrosis
- Loffler endocarditis
- Endocardial fibroelasosis
- Amyloidosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Neoplasia
- Haemochromatosis
- Radiation therapy
4
Q
CLINICAL FEATURES
Symptoms
A
- Progressive heart failure
- Dyspnoea on exertion
- Exercise intolerance
- Fatigue
- Sudden cardiac death
5
Q
CLINICAL FEATURES
Signs
A
- Oedema
- Hepatomegaly
- Ascites
- Pulmonary rales
- S3 gallop
- Jugular venous distension
- Kussmaul sign
6
Q
What is Kussmaul sign
A
Increase in jugular venous pressure during inhalation
7
Q
INVESTIGATIONS
First choice
A
- X-ray
- ECHO
- ECG
- Endomyocardial biopsy
8
Q
INVESTIGATIONS
X-ray findings
A
Cardiomegaly
Pulmonary congestion
9
Q
INVESTIGATIONS
ECHO findings
A
- Thickening of all structures
- Diastolic dysfunction
- Preserved systolic function
10
Q
INVESTIGATIONS
ECG findings
A
May have low voltages
11
Q
INVESTIGATIONS
Making the diagnosis
A
Clinical, ECHO and biopsy
12
Q
MANAGEMENT
Approach
A
Aims at managing symptoms and treating underlying cause
13
Q
MANAGEMENT
Options
A
- Medical - diuretics
- Surgical - heart transplant
14
Q
Indications for diuretics
A
Symptomatic management of congestive heart failure
15
Q
Indications for heart transplant
A
Only definitive treatment
