Myocarditis Flashcards
1
Q
ESSENCE
A
Inflammation of myocardium that results in myocardial necrosis and degeneration
2
Q
AETIOLOGY
Causes
A
- Infectious
- Viral
- Bacterial
- Parasitic
- Toxins
- Carbon monoxide
- Black widow venom
- Medications
- Doxorubican
- Autoimmune
- Kawasaki disease
- Sarcoidosis
- SLE
- Polymyositis/dermatomyositis
3
Q
AETIOLOGY
Viral causes
A
- Coxsackievirus B
- HIV
- Adenovirsus
- Parovirus B19
- HHV-6
4
Q
AETIOLOGY
Parasitic
A
- Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease)
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Trichinella spiralis
5
Q
AETIOLOGY
Bacterial
A
- Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
6
Q
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
A
In active cases, interstitial inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytic cells in myocardium which is associated with myocyte necrosis
7
Q
CLINICAL FEATURES
Symptoms/signs
A
- Clinical presentation is broad
- Assymptomatic
- Heart failure findings
- Arrhythmia findings
- Chest pain
- Fever
8
Q
INVESTIGATIONS
Making diagnosis
A
- Clinical and number of diagnostic tests
- ECG
- Serum biomarkers
- Cardiac imaging
- Biopsy (most accurate) shows myocardial necrosis
9
Q
Key differential
A
Acute coronary syndrome
10
Q
Differentiating factor for ACS
A
ECG changes (NSTEMI and STEMI) with increased biomarkers (cardiac troponins)
11
Q
MANAGEMENT
Approach
A
DIrected at underlying cause of myocarditis
12
Q
COMPLICATIONS
A
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Heart failure
- Sudden cardiac death
