Restless Legs Syndrome

Question 1

Restless legs syndrome is very common. It affects what % of the population?

Answer 1

2-10%

Question 2

What gender is more affecte?

Answer 2

Both equally

Question 3

What are some clinical features of restless leg syndrome

Answer 3

• Uncontrollable urge to move legs (akathisia). Symptoms initially occur at night but as condition progresses may occur during the day. Symptoms are worse at rest
• Paraesthesias e.g. ‘crawling’ or ‘throbbing’ sensations
• Movements during sleep may be noted by the partner - periodic limb movements of sleeps (PLMS)

Question 4

What is restless legs syndrome associated with?

Answer 4

• There is a positive family history in 50% of patients with idiopathic RLS
• Iron deficiency anaemia
• Uraemia
• Diabetes mellitus
• Pregnancy

Question 5

What investigations should be done?

Answer 5

None really.

But you can test for Iron deficiency anaemia if you like. :-)

Question 6

What is the management for Restless Legs Syndrome?

Answer 6

• Simple measures: walking, stretching, massaging affected limbs
• Treat any iron deficiency
• Dopamine agonists are first-line treatment (e.g. Pramipexole, Ropinirole)
• Benzodiazepines
• Gabapentin