Neuroblastoma Flashcards
1
Q
What is a neuroblastoma?
A
A solid tumour that arises from the sympathetic nervous system. It is an embryonal neoplasm of early childhood.
2
Q
Under what age do they usually occur?
A
5 years
3
Q
Why is it difficult to pick up in primary care?
A
- Rare
- Vague symptoms
4
Q
At what sites do neuroblastomas usually form?
A
Adrenal and paraspinal
5
Q
What % have metastases at the time of diagnosis?
A
60%
6
Q
What is the most common symptom of a neuroblastoma?
A
A lump in the abdomen which can cause swelling or pain.
7
Q
What are some other features that should make you think neuroblastoma & refer urgently?
A
- Proptosis
- Unexplained back pain
- The tumour can compress the spinal cord causing:
- Leg weakness
- Unexplained urinary retention
8
Q
What are some symptoms of metastatic disease?
A
- Similar to leukaemia:
- Malaise
- Pallor
- Bone pain
- Irritability
- Fever
- Respiratory symptoms
9
Q
What are some signs of catacholamine release?
A
- Tachycardia
- Flushing
- Sweating
- Weight loss
- Watery diarrhoea
10
Q
What investigations should be done if neuroblastoma is suspected?
A
- Urgent Abdo USS - make an urgent referral if a mass is identified.
- CXR
- FBC
