Horner's Syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What are some features of Horner’s Syndrome?

A
  • Miosis (small pupil)
  • Ptosis
  • Enophthalmos (sunken eye)
  • Anhydrosis (loss of sweating on one side)
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2
Q

What is the cause of Horner’s syndrome.

A

The sympathetic chain (running from skull to coccyx) is damaged at some point.

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3
Q

Is the Horner’s syndrome on the opposite side of the lesion?

A

No, The damage will be on the same side of the lesion.

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4
Q

Causes/Lesion placement of Horner’s syndrome can subdivided into 3 categories according to location of anhydrosis? What are these subcategories?

A
  • Central lesions - Horner’s with Anhydrosis of the face arm and trunk
    • Lesions of the hypothalamic tract
      • Pre-ganglionic lesions - Horner’s with Anhydrosis of the face.
  • Post-ganglionic lesions - Horner’s with No anhydrosis
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5
Q

Give some examples of central lesions that cause Horner’s syndrome with anhydrosis of the face, arm and trunk.

A
  • Stroke
  • Syringomyelia
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • Tumours
  • Encephalitis
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6
Q

Give some examples of pre-ganglionic lesions that cause Horner’s syndrome and anhydrosis of the face.

A
  • Pancoast’s tumour
  • Thyroidectomy
  • Trauma
  • Cervical Rib
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7
Q

Give some examples of post-ganglionic lesions that cause Horner’s syndrome but no anhydrosis.

A
  • Carotid artery dissection
  • Carotid aneurysm
  • Cavernous sinus thrombosis
  • Cluster headache
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8
Q
A
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