Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > Restless Earth > Flashcards

Restless Earth Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
0
Q

Age of oceanic crusts

A

200 million years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Age of continental crusts

A

1500 million years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Properties of oceanic crusts

A

Denser, newer, younger, can be subduction, can be renewed and destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Properties of continental crust

A

Older, less dense, cannot be subducted, cannot be renewed or destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Oceanic plate subducts beneath continental plate

A

Destructive subduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Two continental plates move together

A

Destructive collision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When plates move away and hot magma fills in the gaps between

A

Constructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Two plates sliding along each other

A

Conservative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where plates meet

A

Plate margins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The more explosive volcanoes in a cone shape

A

Composite volcanoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Boob shaped volcanoes which are much less of a threat

A

Shield volcanoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What melts the plate as it subducts underneath a continental plate?

A

Friction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can usually be linked with destructive subduction margins when the plates rub together under the surface

A

Earthquakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Usually next the a volcano on a destructive subduction margin

A

The sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The name of the current which makes the hot magma rise

A

Convection current

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reason why magma rises

A

Gaseous rocks under the volcano, convection currents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

An example of a destructive subduction boundary

A

Juan de Fuca plates subducts beneath North American plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When the crust is nor created or destroyed

A

Conservative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

An example of a conservative plate boundary

A

San Andreas Fault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Constructive plate boundaries are usually under…

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Constructive plate boundaries move

A

Apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Over many years this may happen to constructive plate margins

A

Islands may break through the surface water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Shield volcanoes are usually created on a … boundary

A

Constructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The name of the tectonic plates

A

North American, Nasca, South American, Eurasian, African, Indo-Australian, Pacific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Structure of the earth

A

Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Usual thickness of tectonic plates

A

0-60km thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The Inner core is made from which two metals?

A

Iron and nickel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Name of a depression usually found on the oceans floor

A

Geosyncline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Size of young fold mountains

A

Taller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Size of older fold mountains

A

Smaller (after being eroded)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

An example of fairly new fold mountains

A

Rocky Mountains (USA), Himalayas (Bhutan/Nepal), the Andes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How mountains are created

A

Destructive collision, destructive subduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

How Ocean trenches and fold mountains are made

A

Destructive subduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

How young fold mountains are made

A

1) rivers deposit sediment in the geosynclines
2) rivers sediment is then compressed
3) plates are forced together at destructive margins
4) sedimentary layers are forced upwards into fold mountains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Ocean trench example

A

Mariana Trench

35
Q

Age of the Alps

A

Approximately 40 million years old (fairly young)

36
Q

Highest peak in the Alps

A

Mont Blanc in France (4810 feet)

37
Q

Uses of fold mountains

A

Mining, farming, hydroelectric power, tourism

38
Q

Austria has a large amount of … Deposits in their mountains

A

Gold

39
Q

Type of mining where they cut into the Rock from the side

A

Drift mining

40
Q

Mining accesses…

A

Valuable minerals and materials

41
Q

Main type of farming in the Alps

A

Dairy farming

42
Q

When the farming moves his/her cattle due for the season and climate

A

Transhumance farming

43
Q

Seasons of transhumance farming

A

Winter = lower on the mountains/ valleys (due to the harsh climate at the peak i.e. Snow and rain

Summer = top of the mountain ( due to the snow have melted)

44
Q

V shaped valleys lead to good sites to make

A

Hydroelectric power stations

45
Q

Main source of tourism in the Alps

A

Skiing

46
Q

The water in dams spins a …

A

Turbine

47
Q

Team which monitor volcanoes world wide

A

USGS

48
Q

Eruption on the 18th May 1980 at 8:32AM

A

Mt St Helens, USA

49
Q

State of which Mt St Helens is located

A

Washington State

50
Q

Mt St Helens is a … Volcano

A

Composite

51
Q

Total damage of the Mt St Helens volcano

A

57 people killed, 250 homes destroyed, 47 bridges, 15 miles of railway broken

52
Q

Size of the exclusion zone which was ignored by the press at MSH

A

8km

53
Q

MSH earthquake reading on Richter scale

A

5.1

54
Q

Five ways of monitoring a volcano

A

COSPEC, tilt metres, seismographs, GPS, digital cameras

55
Q

The very top of the volcano

A

Caldera

56
Q

Bellow a caldera in a volcano lies the…

A

Magma chamber

57
Q

COSPEC uses what type of sensors to indicate when the eruption is about to occur

A

UV measures the amount of sulphur dioxide release

58
Q

Tilt metres detects

A

Lava domes

59
Q

Tilt metres are tiny and if they were 1km long they could record a change in level of…

A

1mm

60
Q

Digital cameras record the ash/dome…

A

Visually - which is safe and effective

61
Q

GPS uses … to detect earth movement

A

Satellites

62
Q

GPS systems also detect…

A

Heat

63
Q

How many GPS systems were installed in MSH?

A

12

64
Q

Seismographs detect…

A

Earth quakes around volcanoes which could contribute towards the eruption.

65
Q

Seismographs sends information to … To make…

A

Machines to make squiggly lines

66
Q

Type of magma released from a shield volcano

A

Basalt

67
Q

Type of magma released from a composite volcano

A

Andesite

68
Q

Capital of Haiti

A

Port Au Prince

69
Q

Strength of Haiti earthquake

A

7.0

70
Q

Reasons why so many people died

A
  • densely populated city
  • unprepared
  • building laws ignored
71
Q

Number of people who died in Haiti earthquake

A

A reported 250,000

72
Q

The fraction of buildings collapsed

A

1/3

73
Q

Number of inmates escaped after the Port Au Prince prison was broken

A

4000

74
Q

Secondary effects of Haiti earthquake

A

Cholera and typhoid spreaded

75
Q

Responses to Haiti earthquake

A
  • uncoordinated emergency services mobilised
  • people left to search for their own family and friends
  • country inaccessible for aid
  • hospitals overwhelmed by number of casualties
76
Q

Number of ambulances mobilised after Haiti earthquake

A

1

77
Q

Long term responses to the Haiti earthquake

A
  • 1.5 million people in temporary accommodation

- city not rebuilt fully

78
Q

Haiti is an example of an…

A

LEDC

79
Q

Earthquake example in an MEDC

A

Kobe, Japan

80
Q

Date of the Kobe earthquake

A

17th January 1995

81
Q

Strength of the Kobe earthquake

A

7.2

82
Q

Number of people who died in the Kobe earthquake

A

5,500

83
Q

Number of people injured in the Kobe earthquake

A

30,000

84
Q

Name of the bay which Kobe is located in

A

Osaka Bay

85
Q

Name of the motorway which collapsed in Kobe

A

The Hanshin Expressway

86
Q

Name of the fault in Kobe which lead to an earthquake

A

Nojima fault

Geography (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions