rest of 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 Flashcards
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson (achievement for who)
Tenure of Office Act 1867: what did it make illegal
How did Johnson react? Result
1) radical republicans
2) for the pres to fire a memeber of his cabinent w/o congressional approval
3. fire a memeber - congress brought a full-fledged impeachment trial against johnson znd senate failed to out him
Reconstruction Amendments:
Which ones and what do they do
13: abolished slavery
14: granted citizenship to everyone and would enjoy protection of their laws
15: granted voting rights to the blacks
Disagreement of the woman suffrage:
What were the two groups:
National woman suffrage association
And
American woman suffrage association
National Woman SUffrage Association: created by who? continued to fight for American woman suffrage association who? what did they argue A Tip to remeber difference: Who likes the 15th Amendment
- Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B Anthony
continued to fight for the franchis eto be extended to women - Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell shared dissapointment over 15th amendment
- but argued tat it was imp to support reconstruction efforts federally while working for womens suffrage on the state level
- National says NA
AMerican say Ayyyy
Failure of Reconstruction:
How did the black pop in the south adjust to freedom?
they established schools and college and some ran for office
Failure of reconstruction:
who established the freedmens bueru? what was it?
congress established it - to help reunite black familes and arrange 4 their education and social welfare
Failure of reconstruction:
One way south stayed the same b4 and after the war
Sharecropping:
old system:
New system:
plantation owners gave freed black a contract bounding them to land and unlimited labor
blacks were given seeds and tools in exchaneg a share of teh harvest was taken (one way south stayed the same b4 and after the war)
Failure of reconstruction:
Second way south was the same b4 and after the war
ongoing belief of white supremacy - established Klu Klux Klan where they burne dbuilding an dlynched black ppl
What were black codes?
3 ex
a legilazation of white supremecay
- not allowed to borrow money (no houses)
- cant testify in court (injustice)
- segregation
What ended reconstruction?
compromise of 1877 - the republican hayes wo in exchange for the removal of federal troops in the SOuth
This left the black pop with no protection
Westward Expansion: Economic development 1877-1898
How was agriculture changing? What were two effects from this?
- Mechinzation of agricultural
- Could plant more crops
- Small farmers being outwieghed to big farmers - losing their lan tohem
Westward Expansion: Economic development 1877-1898
Struggles Framers were going through economically + transportation wise:
- Large amt of crops = prices going down (supply and demand)
- Prices on manufactured goods remained high = farmers relied on these goods
- Railroads were charging a lot ti ship their crops
Westward Expansion: Economic development 1877-1898
National Grange Movement
Granger laws: what were they?
what was the most significant among these laws?
What did it establish? - did what
- regulating railorad rates for carrying items + made abusive corporate practices illegal (that were hurting farmers)
- Commerace act of 1886 made railroad rates reasonable
- Intersate Commerce Comisssion - enforcement
Westward Expansion: Economic development 1877-1898
Pacififc railroad Acts
reason behind making this law?
what was it?
- to aid settle the frontier
2. federal govt granted huge amts of land to railroadcompanies to make a transcontinetal railroad
Westward Expansion: Economic development 1877-1898
Homestead Act of 1862
purpose of maiing this law
what did it grant migrants?
what was the problem with this
- help with moving out west
- granted migrants 160 acres of land out west would have to farm it then settle it
- mechanization of land + big farmers - over power teh small farmers
Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
Fredrick Jacksons Influential Essay - The Significance of the Frontier in AMerican History
what was argued? why?
closing frontier = concern Americans have always been moving west for new opportunities, and fresh start organzing levely classed and social hierarchies - if no more frontier, american would have class probs like europe
Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
Reservation System:
why was it created? what did it do?
to deal w/ the Indians
placed them in a reserved area by the govt -moving them away from areas where they organized their lives around buffalo
Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
Sioux Wars:
Response to what
took on the entire us army divison
Response to federal govt taking ownership of their land and white settlers settling in their land
Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
Indian Appropriation Act of 1871:
nullified all previous treaties federal govt made w/ indians
Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
Dawes Act of 1887:
federal govt officially abandoned the reservation system and divided the reservation lands in 160 acre plots to be farmed by indians
allowed them to become citiznes if they assimiliated into american culture
Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
Ghost Dance Movement:
if natives did a dance - ancestors would come back to life and kick out the white men from land
Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
Wounded Knee in Souh Dakota 1890:
us army was trying to disarm a group of indian - one did teh ghost dance -> shot was fired - killing many indians bringing the end of indian restitance
what were the various
factors that contributed to continuity and change in the “New South” from 1877 to 1898
The New South:
Henry Grady invisoned that the south be more nortified - become more industrialized
souther cities had begun to create industrrial centers
what were the various
factors that contributed to continuity and change in the “New South” from 1877 to 1898
Plessy v Ferguson 1896
lousiana had a law that railcars are meant to be seperated
a man by the name of plessy who was 1/8 black decided to challenge this law since he was considered black under louisana
the supreme court ruled that racial segreation is constitutional as long as theyre equal - “seperate but equal”
what were the various
factors that contributed to continuity and change in the “New South” from 1877 to 1898
Jim Crow Laws
segregated everthing
black people lost thir gains made during the reconstruction - many were accused of crimes and were lynched
what were the various
factors that contributed to continuity and change in the “New South” from 1877 to 1898
Reformees that fought for politica and social equality 4 blacks
Ida B Wells:
Henry turner:
Booker t Washington:
editor of black newspaper and wrote against lynching and jim crow laws
Internation Migration Society 1894- helped iwth migrating black americans to afrca
argued black ppl need to become economically sufficent and that would lead power in voting booth (did this himself)
didnt work since africans were prevented from growing economically and socially
Technological Innovation in the Gilded AGe
Changes from Industrialization
b4 americans made things themsleves and sold locally - at most regionally
now they began mass producing goods to be sold all ober the world
Oil Industry:
By who - how much did he control
Horizontal intergration
John D rockerfeller - owner of standard oil controlled 90% of oil indstry horizontal intergration (one company buys out all its competitors until no more competition is left)
