Responsibilites Flashcards
Term for Responsibility for, and control of, quality radiation safety and technical aspects of all x-ray exams
General supervision
Fluoroscopy exams should by guided by _____ concept
ALARA
The _____ of 1968 is aimed at minimizing pt. and operator x-ray exposure, w/o sacrificing diagnostic info.
Radiation control for health and safety act
_____ are prohibited from performing fluoroscopic procedure
limited x-ray technicians
_____ must be notified when individuals are exposed to radiation , for other than prescribed medical purposes, in excess of the limits noted
Stat department of health services
_____ notification is required if an individual has received :
- –A total effective dose equivalent of 25 rems (0.25 Sv) or more
- –An eye dose equivalent of 75 rems (0.75 Sv) or more
- –A shallow-dose equivalent to the skin or extremities of 250 rems (2.5 Sv) or more
Immediate notification
____ notification is required if an individual has received within 24 hours:
- –Total effective dose equivalent exceeding 5 rems (0.05 Sv) or
- –An eye dose equivalent exceeding 15 rems (0.15 Sv) or
- –A shallow-dose of equivalent to the skin or extremities exceeding 50 rems (0.5 Sv)
Twenty-four hour notification
Renewal of certificates or permits must be filed at least ____ prior to the expiration date
30 days
Any change of name or address must be reported to the Department of Health Services, Radiologic Health Branch in Sacramento within ___ of that change
30 days
Any change of name or address must be reported to _______ Sacramento within 30 days of that change
Department of Health services , radiologic health branch
Name the 2 broad classes of biological impact
- Somatic
2. Genetic
list some somatic changes
- injuries to superficial tissue
- Induction of cancer
- Cateract formation, life span shortneing
- Injuries to fetus/embryo
_____ is a resonable indicator of doses to other internal organs which are sensitive to cancer induction.
-Exams include:
red bone marrow
- Barrium enema
- Upper GI series
- Abdominal angiography
___ & __ may be useful to determine the probability of certain effects occuring.
Thyroid and skim measurements
_____ is often determined by a procedure since it may indicate the level of doses received by organs near the point of interest
skin dose
____ refers to effects exhibited in future offspring of persons who have been irradiated
genetic effects
Name exams that expose the gonads to primary x-ray beam
- BE exams
- IVP
- Lumbar spine
- Hips/pelvis
- Upper femur
When the reproductive cells are irradiated, changes may be produced in ))) or in the ___/
- genes
2. Chromosones
The GSD is a function of 3 parameters:
- # of future children
- X-ray exam rate
- Mean gonad dose per exam
The lower the GSD , the lower the ____
number of mutation
are techs allowed to hold pt. or the film?
no
What are 2 types of radiation
- useful x-ray beam
- Leakage radiation
- Scatter radiation
The chief danger to operator during fluoro procedure is ____ coming primarily coming from the ____.
- scatter radiation
2. Patient
Fluoro technologist be adequately protected from ____________
scatter radiation
Fluoro technologist and any individuals in x-ray room during exposure should wear protective apron of at least ______mm lead (Pb), preferably ________ mm lead.
- .25 mm Pb
2. .50 mm PB
Other protective devices other than lead aprons are:
- thyroid shield
- overhang shield
- mobile screen
- Protective gloves
- Hinged or sliding panel
Why is radiation monitoring performed?
to verify that individuals receive less than the maximum permissible dose equivalent.
what are the acceptable personnel monitoring devices?
- film badge
2. Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)
For special purposes , what may be worn in addition to acceptable personnel monitoring devices
- Pocket chamber or dosimeter
2. Audible warning device
What is the most common personnel monitoring?
and where should it be worn?
Film badge
- outside the apron at collar level
____ & ___produce the the highest occupational radiation exposure for personnel
fluoroscopy & special radiographic procedures
What are advantages and disadvantages to TLD
Advantages :
- determines dose more accurately
- May be worn up to 3 months
- Not affected by temp. changes
Disadvantages:
- Expensive
- once read, information is ereased
What is the main advantage of film badge?
the radiographic film itself because it is a legal record of personnel exposure
What is the basic annual DL
-Lens of the eye?
Other organs?
50 mSv/ year
- 150 mSv/ year
- 500 mSv/ year
The cumulative whole-body DL is ___ , time age in years.
10 mSv
The DL during pregnancy is ____ but once pregnancy has been declared, monthly exposure shall not exceed ___.
- 5 mSv
2. 0.5 mSv
