Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Responding to change test year 9 > Flashcards

Responding to change test year 9 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the pathway of oxygen in the respiratory system

A

mouth/nose, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, blood capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define bronchi

A

bronchi are the passageways that connect the trachea to the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define alveolus

A

tiny air sac in a lung where gas exchange occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define bronchiole

A

a tube that carries air through lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define trachea

A

The main airway between the throat and the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define gas exchange

A

The movement of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of it through diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the major organ in the respiratory system

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does gas exchange work (explain)

A

capillaries pass by the alveoli to put oxgyen in blood. carbon dioxide is passed into the alveoli to be exhaled.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the characteristics of all living things

A

MRS NERG: movement, respiration, sensitivity, nutrition, excretion, reproduction, growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the purpose of organ systems

A

to obtain the requirements of life (eg nutrients, oxygen) and remove waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the purpose of the respiratory system

A

to obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the purpose of the circulatory system

A

transport nutrients and waste around the body via blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the purpose of the excretory system

A

remove nitrogen-containing waste and excess water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the purpose of the nervous system

A

to coordinate the activity of all body systems and permit the body to respond to damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define homeostasis

A

maintaining constant internal conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is an artery

A

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, generally oxygenated under high pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is a vein

A

blood vessel that carries blood to the heart, generally deoxygenated under low pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are capillaries

A

thin blood vessels where the exchange of gases, nutrients and waste takes place with every cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the two parts of the nervous system

A

peripheral and central nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is in the central nervous system

A

brain, spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why does the body get rid of carbon dioxide

A

too much carbon dioxide is toxic, decreasing blood pH and causing acidosis which disrupts bodily functions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is cellular respiration

A

the chemical reaction that breaks down glucose to get energy, creating water and carbon dioxide as waste products. the energy is caught in molecules of adenosine triphosphate which provides it to other cells for fuel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the four chambers of the heart called

A

right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does the pulmonary vein do

A

blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

where is the pulmonary vein located

A

top of the left side of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

which side of the heart contains oxygenated blood

A

left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

which side of the heart contains deoxygenated blood

A

right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what does the right side of the heart do

A

pump blood to the lungs to be oxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what does the left side of the heart do

A

pump oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

30
Q

which side of the heart has stronger muscle and why

A

left, because it has a longer distance to pump blood

31
Q

where does the blood deliver waste to to be filtered

A

kidneys

32
Q

why does blood get delivered to the kidneys

A

to be filtered

33
Q

what is the first step in the excretory system

A

nitrogen containing waste (urea) dissolves in blood and is transported to the kidneys

34
Q

what type of waste dissolves in blood (excretory)

A

nitrogen-containing waste called urea

35
Q

what is the second step in the excretory system

A

blood in an artery moves into each kidney where it gets filtered by nephrons

36
Q

what is the third step in the excretory system

A

nitrogen-containing waste, excess water, leaves the blood and becomes a fluid called urine

37
Q

what is the fourth step in the excretory system

A

urine accumulates in the bladder

38
Q

how long can urine stay in the bladder

A

a few hours

39
Q

what is the fifth step in the excretory system

A

blood in a vein moves back out of each kidney and goes back to the heart to be oxygenated

40
Q

what is the sixth step in the excretory system

A

urine is pushed from each kidney to the bladder by a tube called a ureter

41
Q

what does the ureter do

A

transport urine from each kidney to the bladder

42
Q

what is the seventh step of the excretory system

A

urine leaves the bladder through a tube called the urethra and passes out the body

43
Q

what is the path of waste in the excretory system

A

blood - kidney - ureter - bladder - urethra

44
Q

what are the structure of the kidney called and what is their function

A

nephrons filter blood in the kidneys

45
Q

what are the parts of a neuron

A

dendrites, nucleus, cell body, axon, myelin sheath, axon ending/terminal

46
Q

what do the dendrites do

A

branches that receive electrical messages from another neuron

47
Q

what is the cell body

A

where organelles like the nucleus are found

48
Q

what do axons do

A

send an electrical message from the cell body towards the next cell

49
Q

what do axon endings do

A

carries the signal across the synapse to the next dendrite

50
Q

what do myelin sheaths do

A

a fatty layer that protects the axon and makes the signal faster

51
Q

what are the types of neuron

A

sensory, motor, inter

52
Q

what do sensory neurons do

A

carry information from sensory receptors (peripheral nervous system) to the central nervous system

53
Q

what do motor neurons do

A

send messages from the central nervous system to effectors such as muscles and glands to make a response happen

54
Q

what are interneurons

A

connect sensory and motor neurons

55
Q

what are reflex responses

A

responses not coordinated by the brain. they involve shortcuts from the sensory neuron to the spinal cord then straight to a motor neuron to a muscle

56
Q

what is a characteristic of reflex responses

A

very fast, involuntary as the brain does not coordinate them

57
Q

provide 3 examples of reflex responses

A

blinking, flinching, moving hand away from hot pan

58
Q

why are reflex responses important

A

protect the body from injury and pain

59
Q

what is the term for neurons meeting

A

synapse

60
Q

what carries the signal across neurons

A

chemicals called neurotransmitters

61
Q

what are receptors

A

nerve endings that detect stimuli

62
Q

what do stimuli do

A

induce responses which produce effects

63
Q

what does the peripheral nervous system involve

A

nerves that run throughout the rest of the body

64
Q

what is the stimulus response model

A

stimulus - receptors - sensory neuron - central nervous system - motor neuron - effector - response

65
Q

what is osmoregulation

A

maintaining water balance in the body

66
Q

what is glucoregulation

A

maintaining glucose/sugar balance in the body

67
Q

what is the pathway of blood in the heart

A

pulmonary vein - right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - left atrium - left ventricle - aorta - rest of body

68
Q

what is the pulmonary artery

A

connected to right ventricle and gives deoxygenated blood to lungs

69
Q

what is the aorta

A

an artery that carries blood from the heart to rest of the body

70
Q

where does blood enter and leave in the heart

A

enters an atrium and leaves from a ventricle

71
Q

what is the pathway of blood in the body

A

heart - arteries - capillaries - veins

Science (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions