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Science > Cells Test > Flashcards

Cells Test Flashcards

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1
Q

what are tissues?

A

Groups of same cells working together

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2
Q

what are organs?

A

groups of different tissues working together for a function

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3
Q

what are the levels of organisation in the human body?

A

cells - tissues - organs - organ systems - organisms

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4
Q

What is a cell?

A

a cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

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5
Q

What are the 7 life processes?

A

MRS NERG movement reproduction sensitivity nutrition excretion respiration growth

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6
Q

what is cell theory?

A

all organisms are composed of one or more cellss

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7
Q

what is cell division?

A

existing parent cell’s DNA replicates to create 2 daughter cells

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8
Q

how do unicellular organisms reproduce

A

unicellular organisms reproduce through cell division

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9
Q

how do multicellular organisms produce new cells?

A

Multicellular organisms produce new cells via cell division for growth and repair

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10
Q

What groups are cells classified into?

A

prokaryotic and eukaryotic

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11
Q

What are the qualities of prokaryotic cells?

A

most primitive, unicellular, simple structure, no nucleus or membrane bound organelles, DNA is found in cytoplasm

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12
Q

What are the qualities of eukaryotic cells?

A

complex structure, has nucleus and organelles surrounded by membranes, found in most living things - single or multicellular, evolved from prokaryotic

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13
Q

What do all cells have?

A

cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes

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14
Q

What is the cell membrane?

A

The outer covering that is a barrier protecting the cell. It controls movement of substances into and out of the cell

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15
Q

What is the cytoplasm?

A

watery component where reactions happen, provides structure

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16
Q

What is the DNA?

A

the genetic material of the cell

17
Q

what are ribosomes?

A

molecular machines that synthesize proteins

18
Q

Why are plant cells different to animal cells?

A

need to use photosynthesis to obtain energy and respiration to release the energy

19
Q

What do plant cells contain?

A

cell wall, cell membrane, central vacuole, chloroplasts, cytoplasm, nucleus

20
Q

what does cell wall do

A

provides plant with shape and support

21
Q

what does central vacuole do?

A

stores water, nutrients, and waste, fills with water to help stand upright

22
Q

what does chloroplasts do

A

absorb sunlight and stores the energy in sugar made from water and c02 (photosynthesis)

23
Q

What are the 4 types of tissue

A

nervous, epithelial, connective,muscle,

24
Q

what is mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell

25
Q

what is digestion?

A

digestion is the process of breaking down large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble ones.

26
Q

what does the digestive system do?

A

breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and removes undigested material

27
Q

what does the liver do?

A

filters toxins, produces bile to break down fats

28
Q

what does the gallbladder do?

A

stores bile

29
Q

what does the pancreas do?

A

produces enzymes for digestion

30
Q

How do you find the magnification of a microscope?

A

magnification = eye piece x objective lens

31
Q

How do you view cells?

A

with a microscope because they are too small to see with the naked eye

32
Q

What is the path of food through the digestive system?

A

mouth - esophagus - stomach - small intestine (absorption of nutrients into circulatory system through villi) - large intestine (absorption of water) - rectum - anus

33
Q

Why do cells divide in the body?

A

to replace dead/damaged cells, new cells, for growth and repair

34
Q

types of cells and their function

A

animal - sperm (reproduction), egg (reproduction), red blood cell (carries oxygen), white blood cell (fights infection), skin cell (protects body), fat cell (insulation),

plant - root hair cell (absorbs water), guard cell (transfer gasses with surroundings)

35
Q

what are the roles of bacteria in the small intestine?

A

assisting digestion of food, killing harmful bacteria

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