Matter and Chemical Change Test

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Matter is defined as any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.

Question 2

What is all matter composed of?

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

What is an atom?

Answer 3

An atom is the smallest constituent unit of a chemical element.

Question 4

What are atoms made up of?

Answer 4

A central nucleus

Question 5

What is the atomic nucleus?

Answer 5

The atomic nucleus is the center of an atom containing protons and neutrons.

Question 6

What does the nucleus contain?

Answer 6

The nucleus contains subatomic particles

Question 7

What subatomic particles does the nucleus contain?

Answer 7

Protons - positive (+) charge
Neutrons - neutral or no charge

Question 8

What is a proton?

Answer 8

A subatomic particles with a positive charge.

Question 9

What is the nucleus surrounded by?

Answer 9

The nucleus is surrounded by a cloud of negative (-) electrons

Question 10

What is an electron?

Answer 10

A small particle with a negative charge that is found in all atoms.

Question 11

What do atoms have the same number of?

Answer 11

Atoms have the same number of protons and neutrons.

Question 12

What does the atomic theory of matter state?

Answer 12

The atomic theory of matter states that all substances are made up of atoms.

Question 13

What are elements composed of?

Answer 13

Elements are composed of only one type of atom.

Question 14

How many types of atoms are elements composed of?

Answer 14

Elements are composed of only one type of atom.

Question 15

What do all atoms in the element have the same number of?

Answer 15

All atoms in the element have the same number of protons in the nucleus.

Question 16

What are all atoms in the element like?

Answer 16

All atoms in the element are identical.

Question 17

Can elements be broken down?

Answer 17

Elements cannot be broken down into other substances by any chemical or physical means.

Question 18

Why can’t elements be broken down by any chemical or physical means?

Answer 18

Because they are already the simplest substances.

Question 19

What are elements composed of?

Answer 19

atoms with the same number of protons in their nucleus

Question 20

What is a compound?

Answer 20

two or more different elements are chemically bonded together.

Question 21

What does a compound contain?

Answer 21

many identical molecules.

Question 22

What does not count as a compound?

Answer 22

A molecule containing one element bonded to the same element because a compound required multiple elements.

Question 23

What is a molecule?

Answer 23

a small group of atoms that are chemically combined.

Question 24

What does it mean if the small group of atoms are all the same?

Answer 24

If the small group of atoms are all the same, it is a molecule of an element.

Question 25

What are mixtures?

Answer 25

two or more substances that are mixed together

Question 26

Are the substances in mixtures chemically bonded?

Answer 26

The substances in mixtures are not chemically bonded

Question 27

What do compounds consist of?

Answer 27

Compounds consist of two or more elements chemically bonded.

Question 28

What are elements?

Answer 28

pure substances

Question 29

How many kinds of atoms are elements made up of?

Answer 29

one

Question 30

Why do solids have a fixed shape and cannot flow?

Answer 30

The atoms are very close together.

Question 31

What are solids' atoms held in place by?

Answer 31

strong forces called bonds.

Question 32

Why can gasses be compressed?

Answer 32

Because the particles are far apart and have space to move into.

Question 33

Do gases have a fixed shape or volume?

Answer 33

Gases do not have a fixed shape or fixed volume.

Question 34

Why can't liquids be compressed?

Answer 34

Because the particles are packed close together there is no space for them to move into.

Question 35

Why can gasses flow and completely fill their container?

Answer 35

The particles move around all the time and spread out to take up the container.

Question 36

Do gases have a fixed shape or fixed volume?

Answer 36

No

Question 37

Why can liquids flow and take the shape of their container?

Answer 37

Because the particles can move a freely and have no definite shape

Question 38

Why can liquids take the shape of their container?

Answer 38

because liquids have no definite shape and moves freely

Question 39

Why can't solids be compressed?

Answer 39

Because the particles in solids are closely packed together with no space to move into.

Question 40

What is the definition of diffusion?

Answer 40

Diffusion is the random movement of particles from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration

Question 41

What is an equal concentration called?

Answer 41

Equilibrium

Question 42

Can diffusion occur in solids?

Answer 42

Yes.

Question 43

Is diffusion in solids a fast or slow process? Why?

Answer 43

slow because the density of solids is very high

Question 44

Does diffusion happen faster in warm fluids than in cold? Why?

Answer 44

Diffusion happens faster in warm fluids because when temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles increases. The increased movement of the particles makes them diffuse faster.